{"id":927,"date":"2025-03-19T14:07:58","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T07:07:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=927"},"modified":"2025-06-12T02:30:23","modified_gmt":"2025-06-11T19:30:23","slug":"de-thiet-ke-co-so-du-lieu-logic-buoc-dau-tien-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/de-thiet-ke-co-so-du-lieu-logic-buoc-dau-tien-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u logic, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/de-thiet-ke-co-so-du-lieu-logic-buoc-dau-tien-la-gi\/#Xac_dinh_Thuc_the\" >X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/de-thiet-ke-co-so-du-lieu-logic-buoc-dau-tien-la-gi\/#Xac_dinh_Moi_quan_he\" >X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/de-thiet-ke-co-so-du-lieu-logic-buoc-dau-tien-la-gi\/#Minh_hoa_bang_vi_du\" >Minh h\u1ecda b\u1eb1ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/de-thiet-ke-co-so-du-lieu-logic-buoc-dau-tien-la-gi\/#Tu_Mo_hinh_Logic_den_Mo_hinh_Vat_ly\" >T\u1eeb M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Logic \u0111\u1ebfn M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh V\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u logic, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (entity) v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 (relationship) gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Logical Data Model (M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u logic), m\u1ed9t trong ba c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD &#8211; S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3).<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xac_dinh_Thuc_the\"><\/span>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng.  Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xac_dinh_Moi_quan_he\"><\/span>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sau khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>M\u1ed9t-m\u1ed9t (1-1):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1ed9t-nhi\u1ec1u (1-n):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec1u-nhi\u1ec1u (n-n):<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: M\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u danh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Minh_hoa_bang_vi_du\"><\/span>Minh h\u1ecda b\u1eb1ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.  C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng:<\/strong>  Th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng (t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9, email&#8230;).<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m:<\/strong> Th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (t\u00ean, gi\u00e1, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3&#8230;).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng:<\/strong> Th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng (ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t, t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1n&#8230;).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Danh m\u1ee5c:<\/strong>  Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng &#8211; \u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng (1-n):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng &#8211; S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (n-n):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m &#8211; Danh m\u1ee5c (n-n):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u danh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/erd-cua-mot-cua-hang-truc-tuyen.jpg\" alt=\"ERD c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn\" width=\"451\" height=\"307\" \/><em class=\"cap-ai\">ERD c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tu_Mo_hinh_Logic_den_Mo_hinh_Vat_ly\"><\/span>T\u1eeb M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Logic \u0111\u1ebfn M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh V\u1eadt l\u00fd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u logic ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.  Ti\u1ebfp theo, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh Physical Data Model (M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh (attributes) cho t\u1eebng th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh (primary key), kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i (foreign key).  M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chi ti\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u logic, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (entity) v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 (relationship) gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Logical Data Model (M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u logic), m\u1ed9t trong ba c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD &#8211; S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=927"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":953,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927\/revisions\/953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}