{"id":7524,"date":"2025-04-03T08:57:08","date_gmt":"2025-04-03T01:57:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=7524"},"modified":"2025-06-28T17:00:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-28T10:00:03","slug":"tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng Critical Thinking"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Phan_bien_la_gi\" >Ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Tu_duy_phan_bien_la_gi\" >T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#2_Loai_tu_duy_phan_bien_pho_bien\" >2 Lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Tu_duy_phan_bien_tu_dieu_chinh\" >T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Tu_duy_phan_bien_ngoai_canh\" >T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#6_Cap_do_trong_tu_duy_phan_bien_Critical_Thinking\" >6 C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 trong t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n (Critical Thinking)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cap_do_1_The_Unreflective_Thinker\" >C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 1: The Unreflective Thinker<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cap_do_2_The_Challenged_Thinker\" >C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 2: The Challenged Thinker<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cap_do_3_The_Beginning_Thinker\" >C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 3: The Beginning Thinker<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cap_do_4_The_Practical_Thinker\" >C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 4: The Practical Thinker<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cap_do_5_The_Advanced_thinker\" >C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 5: The Advanced thinker<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cap_do_6_The_Master_Thinker\" >C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 6: The Master Thinker<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Tam_quan_trong_cua_tu_duy_phan_bien\" >T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Ra_quyet_dinh_tot_hon\" >Ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Nang_cao_ky_nang_giai_quyet_van_de\" >N\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Thuc_day_sang_tao\" >Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Thuc_day_nen_kinh_te_tri_thuc\" >Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tri th\u1ee9c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cai_thien_ky_nang_thuyet_trinh_va_ngon_ngu\" >C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Phan_chieu_ban_than_self-reflection\" >Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n (self-reflection)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Dac_diem_cua_mot_nguoi_co_tu_duy_phan_bien\" >\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cac_ky_nang_can_co_de_phat_trien_tu_duy_phan_bien\" >C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Ky_nang_quan_sat\" >K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Ky_nang_giao_tiep\" >K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Ky_nang_phan_tich\" >K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Ky_nang_dam_phan\" >K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Ky_nang_giai_quyet_van_de\" >K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Suy_luan\" >Suy lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Cach_ren_luyen_ky_nang_tu_duy_phan_bien\" >C\u00e1ch r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Doc_nhieu_sach_tin_tuc\" >\u0110\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch, tin t\u1ee9c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Thao_luan_voi_nguoi_khac\" >Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Luon_dat_cau_hoi\" >Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Doc_va_viet_cac_bai_luan\" >\u0110\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Thuc_hanh_giai_quyet_van_de\" >Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Su_dung_so_lieu_dan_chung\" >S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Thu_nghiem_cac_phuong_phap_tu_duy_phan_bien_khac_nhau\" >Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Rao_can_khi_phat_trien_tu_duy_phan_bien\" >R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#Mot_so_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_tu_duy_ky_nang_phan_bien\" >M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#1_Dua_ra_lap_luan_roi_moi_giai_thich_nguyen_nhan_tai_sao_la_phuong_phap_nao_trong_tranh_luan_bang_tu_duy_phan_bien\" >1. \u0110\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i sao, l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o trong tranh lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi-ren-luyen-ky-nang-critical-thinking\/#2_Can_lam_gi_de_thuc_hanh_co_hieu_qua_ky_nang_tu_duy_phan_bien\" >2. C\u1ea7n l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.8;margin-top: 13px;text-align: justify\">Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00e1c tin gi\u1ea3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. V\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y. T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o, nh\u1eb1m suy lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u1ecb, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"phan-bien-la-gi\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_bien_la_gi\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn, ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 v\u00e0 logic \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p l\u00fd do v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m logic v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Trong ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, suy lu\u1eadn logic v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy lu\u1eadn, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"tu-duy-phan-bien-la-gi\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tu_duy_phan_bien_la_gi\"><\/span>T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n (Critical Thinking) l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn logic v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00f4ng qua kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i sao, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00ec, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o,&#8230; v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc, nghe, n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t, bao g\u1ed3m: s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u01b0 duy ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong m\u1ecdi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn: v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu,&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 tranh lu\u1eadn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng minh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m suy lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1ch quan c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u1ecb, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pace.edu.vn\/uploads\/news\/2023\/06\/1-khai-niem-tu-duy-phan-bien.jpg\" style=\"width: 1000px;height: 525px\"><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-loai-tu-duy-phan-bien-pho-bien\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Loai_tu_duy_phan_bien_pho_bien\"><\/span>2 Lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"tu-duy-phan-bien-tu-dieu-chinh\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tu_duy_phan_bien_tu_dieu_chinh\"><\/span>T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 quan kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fang ho\u1eb7c sai. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c l\u1ea1i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"tu-duy-phan-bien-ngoai-canh\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tu_duy_phan_bien_ngoai_canh\"><\/span>T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch quan m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o th\u00ec m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Qua \u0111\u00f3, t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"2 lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pace.edu.vn\/uploads\/news\/2023\/06\/2-loai-tu-duy-phan-bien.jpg\" style=\"width: 1000px;height: 525px\"><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"6-cap-do-trong-tu-duy-phan-bien\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Cap_do_trong_tu_duy_phan_bien_Critical_Thinking\"><\/span>6 C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 trong t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n (Critical Thinking)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 1: The Unreflective Thinker<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 2: The Challenged Thinker<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 3: The Beginning Thinker<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 4: The Practical Thinker<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 5: The Advanced thinker<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 6: The Master Thinker<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"cap-do-1-the-unreflective-thinker\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap_do_1_The_Unreflective_Thinker\"><\/span>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 1: The Unreflective Thinker<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd b\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng, thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn suy ngh\u0129, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh logic, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c,&#8230; V\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"cap-do-2-the-challenged-thinker\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap_do_2_The_Challenged_Thinker\"><\/span>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 2: The Challenged Thinker<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch quan, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">C\u0169ng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng minh, s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp theo kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"cap-do-3-the-beginning-thinker\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap_do_3_The_Beginning_Thinker\"><\/span>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 3: The Beginning Thinker<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee9 3 n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00ean t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u00ean trong cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, logic, t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00f4i trong t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n. H\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u01b0\u1edbng suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"cap-do-4-the-practical-thinker\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap_do_4_The_Practical_Thinker\"><\/span>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 4: The Practical Thinker<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0 duy \u1edf m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ch\u00fang. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u00f3i quen suy ngh\u0129 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"cap-do-5-the-advanced-thinker\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap_do_5_The_Advanced_thinker\"><\/span>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 5: The Advanced thinker<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn trong suy ngh\u0129, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"cap-do-6-the-master-thinker\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap_do_6_The_Master_Thinker\"><\/span>C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 6: The Master Thinker<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m suy ngh\u0129 l\u00ean m\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"6 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 trong t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pace.edu.vn\/uploads\/news\/2023\/06\/3-cac-cap-do-tu-duy-phan-bien.jpg\" style=\"width: 1000px;height: 525px\"><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"tam-quan-trong-cua-tu-duy-phan-bien\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tam_quan_trong_cua_tu_duy_phan_bien\"><\/span>T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng minh, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang sai, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<p id=\"yeu-to-ma-nha-tuyen-dung-yeu-cau\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o, t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t y t\u00e1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1eb7ng &#8211; nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t th\u1ee3 s\u1eeda \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"ra-quyet-dinh-tot-hon\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ra_quyet_dinh_tot_hon\"><\/span>Ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 n\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t. N\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, quan s\u00e1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1ch quan thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac t\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"nang-cao-ky-nang-giai-quyet-van-de\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nang_cao_ky_nang_giai_quyet_van_de\"><\/span>N\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 logic, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 thi, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. H\u1ecd ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Albert Einstein &#8211; m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u201cKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4i qu\u00e1 th\u00f4ng minh, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"thuc-day-sang-tao\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thuc_day_sang_tao\"><\/span>Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi l\u1ea1, h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ang c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. B\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau.<br \/>\nT\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, t\u00ecm t\u00f2i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"thuc-day-nen-kinh-te-tri-thuc\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thuc_day_nen_kinh_te_tri_thuc\"><\/span>Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tri th\u1ee9c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1ch quan, \u0111a chi\u1ec1u, t\u00edch l\u0169y nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t tr\u00ed \u00f3c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tri th\u1ee9c, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"cai-thien-ky-nang-thuyet-trinh-va-ngon-ngu\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cai_thien_ky_nang_thuyet_trinh_va_ngon_ngu\"><\/span>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn logic, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp t\u1eeb ng\u1eef, di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"phan-chieu-ban-than-self-reflection\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_chieu_ban_than_self-reflection\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n (self-reflection)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hay quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9, t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n gi\u00fap ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pace.edu.vn\/uploads\/news\/2023\/06\/4-tam-quan-trong-cua-tu-duy-phan-bien.jpg\" style=\"width: 1000px;height: 525px\"><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dac-diem-cua-mot-nguoi-co-tu-duy-phan-bien\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_diem_cua_mot_nguoi_co_tu_duy_phan_bien\"><\/span>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng giao l\u01b0u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft khi c\u00f3 xung \u0111\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn \u0111a chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>Tham kh\u1ea3o, d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng, ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111a chi\u1ec1u: Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, \u0111a chi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean hay s\u1eb5n c\u00f3. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i: Nh\u00ecn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 logic. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh khoa h\u1ecdc, logic, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>B\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi: C\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n theo c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hay tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu \u00edch sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 logic. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi m\u1ebb: Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy ngh\u0129 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00f3a l\u1eddi n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00f3a l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 logic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>T\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 phong th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 ki\u00eau v\u00e0 ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n. H\u1ecd lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng, t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 logic.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pace.edu.vn\/uploads\/news\/2023\/06\/5-dac-diem-nguoi-co-tu-duy-phan-bien.jpg\" style=\"width: 1000px;height: 525px\"><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"cac-ky-nang-can-co-de-phat-trien-tu-duy-phan-bien\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_ky_nang_can_co_de_phat_trien_tu_duy_phan_bien\"><\/span>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/li>\n<li>Suy lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"ky-nang-quan-sat\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ky_nang_quan_sat\"><\/span>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, khi quan s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin, d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn logic v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"ky-nang-giao-tiep\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ky_nang_giao_tiep\"><\/span>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u00fap m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, logic v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f2n gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"ky-nang-phan-tich\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ky_nang_phan_tich\"><\/span>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eb1m hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong. K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh logic, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"ky-nang-dam-phan\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ky_nang_dam_phan\"><\/span>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ngo\u00e0i ra, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, gi\u00fap m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"ky-nang-giai-quyet-van-de\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ky_nang_giai_quyet_van_de\"><\/span>K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc gi\u00fap m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, thu th\u1eadp nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u01b0u, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"suy-luan\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Suy_luan\"><\/span>Suy lu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Suy lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy ngh\u0129, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. Trong t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, suy lu\u1eadn gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 logic. Suy lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u01b0a h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn logic v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pace.edu.vn\/uploads\/news\/2023\/06\/6-ky-nang-can-co-cua-tu-duy-phan-bien.jpg\" style=\"width: 1000px;height: 525px\"><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"cach-ren-luyen-ky-nang-tu-duy-phan-bien\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_ren_luyen_ky_nang_tu_duy_phan_bien\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch, tin t\u1ee9c<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n<li>Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"doc-nhieu-sach-tin-tuc\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doc_nhieu_sach_tin_tuc\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch, tin t\u1ee9c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau, trong khi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o, tin t\u1ee9c gi\u00fap c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, kinh t\u1ebf. Khi ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu, so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, n\u00ean nh\u1edb, ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng, ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe, ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"thao-luan-voi-nguoi-khac\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thao_luan_voi_nguoi_khac\"><\/span>Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe, hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, n\u00ean nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, c\u1ea7n gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u00e1nh x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"luon-dat-cau-hoi\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Luon_dat_cau_hoi\"><\/span>Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Th\u00f3i quen l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n. H\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi mang t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta suy ngh\u0129 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1i sao? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra? C\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng?.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"doc-va-viet-cac-bai-luan\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doc_va_viet_cac_bai_luan\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn gi\u00fap t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 logic, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c suy lu\u1eadn, trong khi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t, h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"thuc-hanh-giai-quyet-van-de\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thuc_hanh_giai_quyet_van_de\"><\/span>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u00fap t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 logic. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, khi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_dung_so_lieu_dan_chung\"><\/span>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u trong ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn, t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n.<\/li>\n<li>So s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n suy lu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li>Tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u trong vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"thu-nghiem-cac-phuong-phap-tu-duy-phan-bien-khac-nhau\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thu_nghiem_cac_phuong_phap_tu_duy_phan_bien_khac_nhau\"><\/span>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">H\u00e3y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT, 5W1H, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c,&#8230; C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, \u00edt ai sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n b\u1ea9m sinh.<\/p>\n<p>Tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>K\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pace.edu.vn\/uploads\/news\/2023\/06\/7-cai-thien-ky-nang-tu-duy-phan-bien.jpg\" style=\"width: 1000px;height: 525px\"><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"rao-can-khi-phat-trien-tu-duy-phan-bien\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rao_can_khi_phat_trien_tu_duy_phan_bien\"><\/span>R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>Th\u00f3i quen: Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qua loa v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quan, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn t\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>C\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u1eafng nghe, ti\u1ebfp thu quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, b\u1edfi b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng cho h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00eam b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c, khi\u1ebfn t\u01b0 duy lu\u00f4n theo l\u1ed1i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eafng nghe, ti\u1ebfp thu v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang, khi\u1ebfn t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Khi g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm trong m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>L\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng r\u1ea5t gh\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c suy ngh\u0129, tranh lu\u1eadn hay \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e2u d\u1ea7n s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 tin, thi\u1ebfu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n t\u01b0 duy qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, lu\u00f4n ph\u00f3 m\u1eb7c m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>T\u01b0 duy \u201cb\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e0n\u201d: T\u01b0 duy n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang sai c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u01b0 duy b\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e0n v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m, m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ng\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, b\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 tin, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, th\u00f3i quen l\u00e0m theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pace.edu.vn\/uploads\/news\/2023\/06\/8-rao-can-khi-ren-luyen-tu-duy-phan-bien.jpg\" style=\"width: 1000px;height: 525px\"><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mot_so_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_tu_duy_ky_nang_phan_bien\"><\/span>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Dua_ra_lap_luan_roi_moi_giai_thich_nguyen_nhan_tai_sao_la_phuong_phap_nao_trong_tranh_luan_bang_tu_duy_phan_bien\"><\/span>1. \u0110\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i sao, l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o trong tranh lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i sao, trong tranh lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1ed3i th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng&#8221; (argument-then-explanation). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tranh lu\u1eadn logic v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 2 b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. L\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh logic cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i sao: Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i sao l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. C\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y gi\u00fap l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y h\u1eefu \u00edch trong tranh lu\u1eadn b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00fd do. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao m\u00ecnh ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, gi\u00fap ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh logic v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Can_lam_gi_de_thuc_hanh_co_hieu_qua_ky_nang_tu_duy_phan_bien\"><\/span>2. C\u1ea7n l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. Khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch quan, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn, th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn hay c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"5:1-8:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"5:1-5:277\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>Nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111a chi\u1ec1u:\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau\u00a0g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u. Gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"6:1-6:255\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"7:1-8:0\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p>L\u1eadp lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c:\u00a0Khi \u0111\u01b0a ra quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh suy ngh\u0129 th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o, nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, \u1edf c\u1ea3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/\">https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/author\/nguyenlandung\">Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n d\u0169ng<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00e1c tin gi\u1ea3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. V\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y. T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7524"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8385,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524\/revisions\/8385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}