{"id":26304,"date":"2025-07-11T11:55:21","date_gmt":"2025-07-11T04:55:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=26304"},"modified":"2025-07-13T12:07:04","modified_gmt":"2025-07-13T05:07:04","slug":"ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/","title":{"rendered":"Ancol: \u0110\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Dinh_nghia_ancol_la_gi_Ancol_gom_nhung_loai_nao\" >\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ancol l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ancol g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Dong_phan_va_danh_phap_cua_ancol\" >\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 danh ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ancol<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Dong_phan_cua_ancol\" >\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ancol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Danh_phap_ancol\" >Danh ph\u00e1p ancol<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_ancol\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ancol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_ancol\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ancol<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phan_ung_the_H_cua_nhom_OH\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf H c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m OH<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Tinh_chat_chung_cua_ancol\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a ancol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Tinh_chat_dac_trung_cua_glixerol\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a glixerol<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phan_ung_the_nhom_OH\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf nh\u00f3m OH<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phan_ung_voi_axit_vo_co\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi axit v\u00f4 c\u01a1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phan_ung_voi_ancol\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ancol<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phan_ung_tach_nuoc\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phan_ung_oxi_hoa\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phan_ung_oxi_hoa_khong_hoan_toan_Ancol_CuO_hoac_Ox_co_xuc_tac_la_Cu\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (Ancol + CuO ho\u1eb7c Ox c\u00f3 x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u00e0 Cu)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phan_ung_oxi_hoa_hoan_toan\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#2_phuong_phap_dieu_che_ancol\" >2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf ancol<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phuong_phap_tong_hop\" >Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Tong_hop_glixerol_tu_propilen\" >T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p glixerol t\u1eeb propilen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Phuong_phap_sinh_hoa\" >Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sinh h\u00f3a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Ung_dung_cua_ancol\" >\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ancol\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Bai_tap_ve_ancol_SGK_Hoa_hoc_11_kem_loi_giai_chi_tiet\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 ancol SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 k\u00e8m l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Giai_bai_1_trang_186_SGK_Hoa_11\" >Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 1 trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Giai_bai_2_SGK_Hoa_11_trang_186\" >Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 2 SGK H\u00f3a 11 trang 186<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Giai_bai_3_SGK_trang_186_Hoa_11\" >Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 3 SGK trang 186 H\u00f3a 11<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Giai_bai_4_trang_186_Hoa_11_SGK\" >Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 4 trang 186 H\u00f3a 11 SGK<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ancol-day-du-ly-thuyet-va-giai-bai-tap-chi-tiet\/#Giai_bai_5_Hoa_11_SGK_trang_187\" >Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 5 H\u00f3a 11 SGK trang 187<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p>Ancol hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean quen thu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Ancol, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ancol.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/image\/600x480.png\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-1.jpg\" alt=\"Ancol l\u00e0 g\u00ec? (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh_nghia_ancol_la_gi_Ancol_gom_nhung_loai_nao\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ancol l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ancol g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m hi\u0111roxyl (-OH) li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon no, v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c R(OH)n.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: CH2=CHCH2OH, C6H5CH2OH, CH3OH, C2H5OH,\u2026<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a Ancol c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">CxHyOz (\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: x, y, z l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean; y ch\u1eb5n v\u00e0 4 \u2264 y \u2264 2x + 2; z \u2264 x). C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng khi vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">CxHy(OH)z hay R(OH)z: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng khi vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra trong nh\u00f3m OH.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">CnH2n+2-2k-z(OH)z (\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: k = s\u1ed1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft proton + s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng; n, z l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean; z \u2264 n). C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng Br2, c\u1ed9ng H2, khi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c; no hay kh\u00f4ng no,\u2026<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">CnH2n+1OH hay CnH2n+2O (n \u2265 1): C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ancol no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Theo g\u1ed1c hi\u0111rocacbon: Ancol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ancol no, ancol kh\u00f4ng no, ancol th\u01a1m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00f3m hi\u0111roxyl: Ancol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra th\u00e0nh ancol \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ancol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">B\u1eadc c\u1ee7a ancol = b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed C li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m -OH.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ancol ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ancol no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf: Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m \u201c-OH\u201d li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi g\u1ed1c ankyl (CnH2n+1-OH).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: CH3-OH, C3H7-OH,\u2026<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ancol kh\u00f4ng no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf: Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m \u201c-OH\u201d li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi g\u1ed1c cacbon no c\u1ee7a hidrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: CH3-CH=CH-CH2-OH, CH2=CH-CH2-OH,\u2026<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ancol th\u01a1m, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c: Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh \u201c-OH\u201d li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon no thu\u1ed9c m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-2..png\" alt=\"Ancol Benzylic l\u00e0 ancol th\u01a1m, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ancol v\u00f2ng no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c: Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed Ancol ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u201c-OH\u201d li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon no thu\u1ed9c g\u1ed1c hidrocacbon v\u00f2ng no.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-3.png\" alt=\"Xiclohexanol l\u00e0 ancol v\u00f2ng no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ancol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c: Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ee9a t\u1eeb 2 nh\u00f3m \u201c-OH\u201d Ancol tr\u1edf l\u00ean. T\u00f9y theo b\u1eadc nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon no li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m \u201c-OH\u201d, c\u00e1c Ancol n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh: Ancol b\u1eadc I, Ancol b\u1eadc II v\u00e0 Ancol b\u1eadc III.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-4.png\" alt=\"Glixerol l\u00e0 ancol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dong_phan_va_danh_phap_cua_ancol\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 danh ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ancol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ancol, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dong_phan_cua_ancol\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ancol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c ancol no m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea1ch cacbon v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c -OH trong m\u1ea1ch Cacbon. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ancol \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 ete: R-O-R\u2019.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C4H10O, ta c\u00f3:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-5.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C4H10O. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C3H8O, ta c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-6.png\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C3H8O. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Danh_phap_ancol\"><\/span>Danh ph\u00e1p ancol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi t\u00ean ancol nh\u01b0 sau:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u01b0\u1eddng = Ancol (r\u01b0\u1ee3u) + T\u00ean g\u1ed1c ankyl + ic<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH3-CH2-OH: Ancol etylic.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH3-OH: Ancol metylic.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 Ancol c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">CH2OH-CH2OH: Etilenglicol<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH: Glixerin hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Glixerol<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">CH3-CH(CH)3-CH2-CH2OH: Ancol Isoamylic<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00ean thay th\u1ebf = T\u00ean g\u1ecdi hidrocacbon t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng + Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u00f3m OH + ol.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">M\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ancol l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch cacbon d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m -OH.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda g\u1ea7n nh\u00f3m -OH h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-7.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ancol no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf. (\u1ea2nh: Ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh SGK H\u00f3a 11)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_ancol\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ancol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ancol b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft.\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i: \u0110a s\u1ed1 Ancol \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn t\u00f9y v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cacbon trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c. T\u1eeb C1 \u0111\u1ebfn C12, ancol t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb C13 tr\u1edf l\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i: Ancol c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hidrocacbon c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft hidro li\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. Khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0: Mu\u1ed1i &gt; Axit &gt; Ancol &gt; Andehit &gt; Hidrocacbon, Ete ho\u1eb7c Este,\u2026<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-8.jpg\" alt=\"Li\u00ean k\u1ebft Hidro gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ancol v\u1edbi nhau (a), gi\u1eefa ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ancol v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc (b). (\u1ea2nh: Ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh SGK H\u00f3a 11)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0110\u1ed9 tan: Ancol c\u00f3 1, 2 hay 3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed C trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed s\u1ebd tan v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ancol c\u00f3 c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u C, \u0111\u1ed9 tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m v\u00ec t\u00ednh k\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1c hi\u0111rocacbon t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ancol t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n theo chi\u1ec1u t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-9.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ancol \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng. (\u1ea2nh: Ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh SGK H\u00f3a 11)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_ancol\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ancol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, li\u00ean k\u1ebft C &#8211; OH, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh, nh\u00f3m -OH, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed H s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1ch ra trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ancol.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-11.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ancol. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_the_H_cua_nhom_OH\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf H c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m OH<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf H c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m OH l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ancol.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_chung_cua_ancol\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a ancol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: Cho m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu kim lo\u1ea1i Natri v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9a 1 \u2013 2ml Etanol khan v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed Hidro.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: 2C2H5OH + 2Na \u2192\u00a0 2C2H50Na + H2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u0110\u1ed1t kh\u00ed Hidro tho\u00e1t ra \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng, ta quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda xanh m\u1edd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n: 2H2 + O2 \u2192 2H2O (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ancol ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_dac_trung_cua_glixerol\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a glixerol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Cho v\u00e0o hai \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m, m\u1ed7i \u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 3 \u2013 4 gi\u1ecdt dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4 2% v\u00e0 2 \u2013 3ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 10%, l\u1eafc nh\u1eb9 dung d\u1ecbch. Trong c\u1ea3 hai \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m, ta quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a xanh c\u1ee7a Cu(OH)2:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CuSO4 + 2NaOH \u2192 Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t 3 \u2013 4 gi\u1ecdt Etanol, \u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 hai 3 \u2013 4 gi\u1ecdt Glixerol, l\u1eafc nh\u1eb9 c\u1ea3 hai \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m. Trong \u1ed1ng 1, ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng tan v\u00e0 trong \u1ed1ng 2, ta quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a t\u1ea1o dung d\u1ecbch xanh lam c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng (II) Glixerat.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2C3H5(OH)3 + Cu(OH)2 \u2192 [(C3H5(OH)2O]2Cu + 2H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, glixerol h\u00f2a tan \u0111\u1ed3ng (II) hidroxit th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh lam m\u00e0 etanol kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ancol \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi ancol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m -OH c\u1ea1nh nhau trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_the_nhom_OH\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf nh\u00f3m OH<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t &#8220;ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf nh\u00f3m OH&#8221; c\u1ee7a ancol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u00f4ng qua: Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi axit v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ancol.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_voi_axit_vo_co\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi axit v\u00f4 c\u01a1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: Khi \u0111un h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p axit Bromhidric v\u00e0 Etanol trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 l\u1eafp \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed \u1edf nh\u00e1nh, ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Etyl Bromua: C2H5OH + HBr \u2192\u00a0 C2H5Br + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ancol ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi axit v\u00f4 c\u01a1 HX (Ancol + H2SO4, Ancol + HCl) theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CnH(2n+2-2k-z)(OH)z + (z+k)HX \u2192 CnH(2n+2-z)X(z+k)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong \u0111\u00f3: S\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed X s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m OH v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft pi.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, ancol c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng este h\u00f3a.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">ROH +R\u2019COOH \u21d4 R\u2019COOR + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">yR(OH)x + xR\u2019(COOH)y \u21d4 R\u2019x(COO)xyRy + xyH2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit v\u00e0 \u0111un n\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">C\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_voi_ancol\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ancol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: Cho 1ml Etanol v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4, nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb 1ml axit H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0o v\u00e0 l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111un h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p s\u00f4i nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m ra xa ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda. Nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb gi\u1ecdt Etanol d\u1ecdc theo \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111ang ch\u00e1y, ta quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y m\u00f9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a Ete Etylic.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: C2H5 &#8211; OH + H &#8211; OC2H5 \u2192 C2H5 &#8211; O &#8211; C2H5 + H2O (H2SO4, 140 \u0111\u1ed9 C)<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_tach_nuoc\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111un ancol etylic v\u1edbi axit H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 170 \u0111\u1ed9 C, ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed etilen.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: CH3 &#8211; CH2 &#8211; OH \u2192 CH2 = CH2 + H2O (H2SO4, 170 \u0111\u1ed9 C)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf etilen trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u0169ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c ancol no \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf (tr\u1eeb Metanol) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh Anken.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CnH(2n+ 1)OH \u2192 CnH2n + H2O (H2SO4, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c, m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf s\u1ebd t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb 1 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh anken:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CnH2n+1OH = CnH2n + H2O (H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c, &gt;170 \u0111\u1ed9 C)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n khi tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 Hg.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">N\u1ebfu ancol no, \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o anken th\u00ec Ancol \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ha (l\u00e0 CH3OH ho\u1eb7c ancol m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed C li\u00ean k\u1ebft OH ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi C b\u1eadc 3 kh\u00e1c).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ancol t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u anken, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ancol b\u1eadc cao nh\u01b0 b\u1eadc II, b\u1eadc III v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch C kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng qua C li\u00ean k\u1ebft OH.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Khi nhi\u1ec1u ancol t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t anken, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sau x\u1ea3y ra:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH2OH-CH2OH \u2192 CH3CHO + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH \u2192 CH2=CH-CHO + 2H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb 2 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ancol t\u1ea1o ete<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">ROH + ROH \u2192 ROR + H2O (H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c, 140 \u0111\u1ed9 C)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">T\u1eeb n ancol kh\u00e1c nhau, khi t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n.(n + 1)\/2 ete. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 n ete \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Khi t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ete c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 mol b\u1eb1ng nhau, c\u00e1c ancol tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 mol b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u00e0 nAncol = 2.nete = 2.nH2O v\u00e0 nAncol = mete + nH2O + mAncol d\u01b0.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_oxi_hoa\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ancol v\u1edbi:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_oxi_hoa_khong_hoan_toan_Ancol_CuO_hoac_Ox_co_xuc_tac_la_Cu\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (Ancol + CuO ho\u1eb7c Ox c\u00f3 x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u00e0 Cu)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol b\u1eadc l + Cuo t\u1ea1o ra an\u0111ehit: RCH2OH + CuORCHO + Cu + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol b\u1eadc II + CuO t\u1ea1o ra xeton: RCHOHR\u2019 + CuO \u2013 RCOR\u2019 + Cu + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol b\u1eadc III kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb oxi h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng CuO.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ch\u00fa \u00fd: mch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn gi\u1ea3m = mCuO ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u2013 mCu t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh = 16.nAncol \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee9c<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_oxi_hoa_hoan_toan\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CxHyOz + (x + y\/4 \u2013 z\/2)O2 \u2192 xCO2 + y\/2H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ancol, ta c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a ancol c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y hidrocacbon t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">N\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ancol v\u00e0 cho nH2O &gt; nCO2, ancol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 ancol no v\u00e0 nAncol = nH2O \u2013 nCO2.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ancol cho nH2O &gt; 1,5.nCO2, ancol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 CH3OH. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 CH4 v\u00e0 CH3OH mang nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y (kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh amin).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y 1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 X, trong \u0111\u00f3 nH2O &gt; nCO2 th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ankan, ancol no m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf ho\u1eb7c ete no m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c CnH2n+2O4.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Xem th\u00eam:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp chi ti\u1ebft<\/li>\n<li>Ankadien: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp chi ti\u1ebft<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_phuong_phap_dieu_che_ancol\"><\/span>2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf ancol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o? C\u00f9ng Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf ancol c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phuong_phap_tong_hop\"><\/span>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, etanol thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p etilen v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 x\u00fac t\u00e1c H2SO4 ho\u1eb7c H3PO4 trong nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C2H4 + H2O \u2192 C2H5-OH (H2SO4, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ancol b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen trong dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_hop_glixerol_tu_propilen\"><\/span>T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p glixerol t\u1eeb propilen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Glixerol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb propilen theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-10.jpg\" alt=\"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf Glixerol t\u1eeb propilen. (\u1ea2nh: Ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh SGK H\u00f3a 11)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, glixerol c\u00f2n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phuong_phap_sinh_hoa\"><\/span>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sinh h\u00f3a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Etanol c\u00f2n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00ean men t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n gi\u00e0u tinh b\u1ed9t nh\u01b0 g\u1ea1o, ng\u00f4, khoai, s\u1eafn, qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn&#8230; Theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">(C6H10O5)n \u2192 C6H12O6 (H2O, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, x\u00fac t\u00e1c) \u2192 C2H5OH (x\u00fac t\u00e1c emzim)<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_cua_ancol\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ancol\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, ancol s\u1edf h\u1eefu nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m (r\u01b0\u1ee3u, n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1t), y t\u1ebf (dung m\u00f4i, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m\u2026), \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u00f4 t\u00f4)&#8230;\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-11_(1).jpg\" alt=\"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ancol m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft. (\u1ea2nh: Ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_ve_ancol_SGK_Hoa_hoc_11_kem_loi_giai_chi_tiet\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 ancol SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 k\u00e8m l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f9ng v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 v\u1ec1 ancol sau \u0111\u00e2y!\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-12.jpg\" alt=\"Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 v\u1ec1 ancol. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_bai_1_trang_186_SGK_Hoa_11\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 1 trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Vi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean c\u00e1c ancol \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed C5H12O?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n:\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-12_(1).jpg\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 1 trang 186 SGK H\u00f3a 11. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_bai_2_SGK_Hoa_11_trang_186\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 2 SGK H\u00f3a 11 trang 186<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng propan-1-ol v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a. Natri kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b. CuO, \u0111un n\u00f3ng<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">c. Axit HBr, c\u00f3 x\u00fac t\u00e1c<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean ancol gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec: ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed, ch\u1ea5t oxi ho\u00e1, axit, baz\u01a1? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) 2CH3-CH2-CH2OH + 2Na \u2192 2CH3-CH2-CH2ONa + H2\u2191<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b) CH3-CH2-CH2OH + CuO \u2192 CH3-CH2-CHO + Cu + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">c) CH3-CH2-CH2OH + HBr \u2192 CH3-CH2-CH2Br + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ancol \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 baz\u01a1<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_bai_3_SGK_trang_186_Hoa_11\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 3 SGK trang 186 H\u00f3a 11<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ef1ng trong c\u00e1c l\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n: etanol, glixerol, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 benzen.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-13.jpg\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 3 SGK trang 186 H\u00f3a 11. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_bai_4_trang_186_Hoa_11_SGK\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 4 trang 186 H\u00f3a 11 SGK<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u1eeb propen v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y: propan-2-ol (1); propan-1,2-\u0111iol (2). Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-15.jpg\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 4 trang 186 H\u00f3a 11 SGK. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_bai_5_Hoa_11_SGK_trang_187\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 5 H\u00f3a 11 SGK trang 187<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Cho 12,20 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m etanol v\u00e0 propan-1-ol t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Na (d\u01b0) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,80 l\u00edt kh\u00ed \u0111ktc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a. T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X qua \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1ng CuO, \u0111un n\u00f3ng. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) G\u1ecdi s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a etanol v\u00e0 propan-1-ol l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 x v\u00e0 y (mol)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ancol-17.jpg\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i 5 H\u00f3a 11 SGK trang 187. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH3-CH2OH + CuO \u2192 CH3-CHO + Cu + H2O (\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH3-CH2-CH2OH + CuO \u2192 CH3-CH2-CHO + Cu + H2O (\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ancol. Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean truy c\u1eadp website c\u1ee7a Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00eam nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5 \u00edch.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>                                    Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/p>\n<p>Alcohol (chemistry) &#8211; Ng\u00e0y truy c\u1eadp: 20\/8\/2022<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alcohol_(chemistry)<\/p>\n<p>Alcohol chemical compound &#8211; Ng\u00e0y truy c\u1eadp: 20\/8\/2022<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/alcohol<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/\">http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/author\/nguyenlandung\">Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n d\u0169ng<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ancol hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean quen thu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Ancol, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ancol.\u00a0 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ancol l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26304"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28117,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26304\/revisions\/28117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}