{"id":26268,"date":"2025-07-11T11:40:21","date_gmt":"2025-07-11T04:40:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=26268"},"modified":"2025-07-13T20:05:46","modified_gmt":"2025-07-13T13:05:46","slug":"phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/","title":{"rendered":"Phenol: C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Dinh_nghia_phenol_la_gi_va_cau_truc_cua_phenol\" >\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a phenol l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a phenol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Lam_the_nao_de_phan_loai_phenol\" >L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i phenol?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_phenol\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a phenol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_phenol\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a phenol<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Phan_ung_nguyen_tu_h_cua_nhom_-OH\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m -OH<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Phan_ung_nguyen_tu_H_cua_vong_benzen\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed H c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Cach_chuan_bi_phenol\" >C\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb phenol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Cac_ung_dung_pho_bien_nhat_cua_phenol_trong_nganh_cong_nghiep_cuoc_song\" >C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a phenol trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Phenol_co_cau_tra_loi_doc_hai_khong\" >Phenol c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Tap_the_duc_tren_sach_giao_khoa_Phenol_Hoa_hoc_11_voi_cac_giai_phap_chi_tiet\" >T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa Phenol H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chi ti\u1ebft<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Bai_2_Sach_giao_khoa_Hoa_hoc_11_Trang_193\" >B\u00e0i 2 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 Trang 193<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Bai_3_Sach_giao_khoa_Trang_193_Hoa_hoc_11\" >B\u00e0i 3 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa Trang 193 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Bai_4_Trang_193_Hoa_hoc_11_Sach_giao_khoa\" >B\u00e0i 4 Trang 193 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phenol-cau-tao-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-nhung-ung-dung-pho-bien\/#Giai_quyet_5_Sach_giao_khoa_Hoa_hoc_11_Trang_193\" >Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft 5 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 Trang 193<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Phenol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Tham gia Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 phenol th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a phenol trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n<p>                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/image\/600x480.png\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh_nghia_phenol_la_gi_va_cau_truc_cua_phenol\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a phenol l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a phenol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Phenol l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m -OH li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed carbon c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen. Nh\u00f3m -OH li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed carbon c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 -OH phenol. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-1.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a phenol. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed: C6H6O<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: C6H5OH <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Phenol \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 C6H5-OH. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 xem x\u00e9t phenol \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 C6H5OH. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 crezol CH3-C6H4-OH v\u00e0 HO-C6H4-OH (O-Catechol, M-Rzoxinol, P-Hidroquinol).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">L\u01b0u \u00fd: C\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa phenol v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u th\u01a1m (v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng benzen nh\u01b0ng nh\u00f3m OH li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi C trong nh\u00e1nh).<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lam_the_nao_de_phan_loai_phenol\"><\/span>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i phenol? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m -OH trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, phenol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Monophenol (monophenol): \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phenol trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m -OH. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: P-Crezol, M-Crezol, O-Crezol &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-2.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 phenol \u0111\u01a1n. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Phenol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (polyphenol): \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phenol trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ee9a hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m -OH. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-3.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 phenol \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_phenol\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a phenol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, phenol t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u00f9i r\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. <\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Phenol s\u1ebd b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, phenol s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00ec ch\u00fang h\u00fat m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y: 43 \u00b0 C. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Phenol \u00edt h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng h\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng (kho\u1ea3ng 66 \u00b0 C) v\u00e0 h\u00f2a tan trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_phenol\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a phenol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">C\u00f3 hai t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a phenol m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb: ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a H c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m -OH v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-7.1.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a phenol. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_nguyen_tu_h_cua_nhom_-OH\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m -OH<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb khi phenol ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. <\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m:   <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng natri trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a phenol n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tho\u00e1t kh\u00ed hydro v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">2C6H5OH + 2NA \u2192 2C6H5ONA + H2 (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t phenol v\u00e0 aniline.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:                    <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phenol v\u00e0o 2 \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m. Th\u00eam 1-2ml H2O v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, 2ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 hai. L\u1eafc hai \u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ea3nh phenol kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 hai, m\u1ea3nh phenol h\u00f2a tan. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: <\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Phenol kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 tan ch\u1ea3y trong NaOH theo ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng: <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">C6H5OH + NaOH \u2192 C6H5ONA + H2O <\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Phenol c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu (kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">V\u00f2ng benzen l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed H c\u1ee7a -OH trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed phenol so v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u1eed r\u01b0\u1ee3u. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_nguyen_tu_H_cua_vong_benzen\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed H c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: \u0110\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc brom v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch phenol, l\u1eafc nh\u1eb9. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-8.png\" alt=\"Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u00eam HNO3 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch phenol, k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a axit picric (2,4,5-trinitrophenol).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">C6H5OH + 3HNO3 \u2192 C6H2 (NO2) 3OH + 3H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed H c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed phenol c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay th\u1ebf nguy\u00ean t\u1eed H c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng benzen trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed hydrocarbon th\u01a1m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m -OH tr\u00ean v\u00f2ng benzen, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">L\u01b0u \u00fd: Ngo\u00e0i phenol, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m phenol v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed H \u1edf O, P so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m OH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a brom v\u00e0 nitro.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_chuan_bi_phenol\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb phenol <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, phenol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxy h\u00f3a cumenic b\u1eb1ng oxy kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n trong dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 phenol v\u00e0 acetone. \u0110un n\u00f3ng acetone bay h\u01a1i sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u01a1i ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c acetone, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 phenol. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-5.jpg\" alt=\"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb phenol trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Phenol c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb: <\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb benzen qua chu\u1ed7i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">C6H6 + BR2 \u2192 C6H5BR + HBR (B\u1ed9t Fe)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">C6H5BR + 2NAOH (r\u1eafn) \u2192 C6H5ONA + NABR + H2O (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">C6H5ONA + CO2 + H2O \u2192 C6H5OH + NAHCO3 <\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">T\u00e1ch phenol kh\u1ecfi than:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ef1a than ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0 th\u1eeba. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a C6H5ONA. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C6H5ONA + H + \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phenol. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Xem th\u00eam: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp chi ti\u1ebft<\/li>\n<li>Ankadien: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp chi ti\u1ebft<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_ung_dung_pho_bien_nhat_cua_phenol_trong_nganh_cong_nghiep_cuoc_song\"><\/span>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a phenol trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Phenol c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a phenol m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-19.jpg\" alt=\"Phenol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng (\u1ea3nh: s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a phenol formaldehyd ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ef1a poly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh (keo g\u1ed7, nh\u00e3n d\u00e1n kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed3 s\u00e0nh s\u1ee9, s\u1ee9 &#8230;)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m, ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 (axit picric).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ee5a polyamide trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, hormone th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt 2, 4 &#8211; d &#8211; m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phenol_co_cau_tra_loi_doc_hai_khong\"><\/span>Phenol c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Phenol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y b\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng khi r\u01a1i v\u00e0o da. Phenol v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy hi\u1ec3m cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-20.jpg\" alt=\"Phenol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y b\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng khi r\u01a1i v\u00e0o da. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">V\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: Phenol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m cao, ch\u00fang t\u00edch l\u0169y trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00e3n t\u00ednh cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: Khi v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, phenol s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh, m\u00e1u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tim m\u1ea1ch. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Phenol c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Li\u1ec1u nguy hi\u1ec3m: t\u1eeb 2 &#8211; 5gam<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi: H\u01a1n 10gam.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ghi ch\u00fa khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t phenol<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Phenol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 phenol ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phenol, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Kh\u00f4ng h\u00edt v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c nu\u1ed1t phenol.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p phenol d\u00ednh v\u00e0o m\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c da, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i r\u1eeda m\u1eaft ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 15 ph\u00fat. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tap_the_duc_tren_sach_giao_khoa_Phenol_Hoa_hoc_11_voi_cac_giai_phap_chi_tiet\"><\/span>T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa Phenol H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chi ti\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Sau khi t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 phenol \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa 11 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc xem x\u00e9t s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 s\u00fac t\u00edch. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-9.jpg\" alt=\"T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean Phenol SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chi ti\u1ebft. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_2_Sach_giao_khoa_Hoa_hoc_11_Trang_193\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 2 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 Trang 193<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u1eeb benzen v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">2,4,6-tribomphenol (1);<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">2,4,6-trinitrophenol (2)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-13.jpg\" alt=\"B\u00e0i 2 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 Trang 193. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_3_Sach_giao_khoa_Trang_193_Hoa_hoc_11\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 3 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa Trang 193 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Th\u00eam 14,0 gram h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A bao g\u1ed3m phenol v\u00e0 ethanol \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi natri c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,24 l\u00edt kh\u00ed hydro (DKTC)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">M\u1ed9t. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">b. T\u00ednh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t trong A.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 14,0 gram h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi HNO3, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau gam axit picric (2,4,6- trinitrophenol)?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">M\u1ed9t. G\u1ecdi s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a phenol v\u00e0 ethanol t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng x v\u00e0 y (mol) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-15.png\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft 3 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa Trang 193 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11. (\u1ea2nh: Internet s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">b. Theo b\u00e0i b\u00e1o, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-18.png\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft 3 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa Trang 193 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11. (\u1ea2nh: Internet s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">c.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-15.jpg\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft 3 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa Trang 193 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11. (\u1ea2nh: Internet s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 22,9 g axit picric.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_4_Trang_193_Hoa_hoc_11_Sach_giao_khoa\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 4 Trang 193 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7t phenol v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc brom; Stiren b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch brom trong CCL4. N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Khi \u0111\u1eb7t phenol v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc brom, k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenol-16.jpg\" alt=\"Phenol v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc brom. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Khi Stiren \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch brom trong CCL4, dung d\u1ecbch brom c\u00f3 \u200b\u200bnh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t, do:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phenpl-16.jpg\" alt=\"Stiren b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch brom. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_quyet_5_Sach_giao_khoa_Hoa_hoc_11_Trang_193\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft 5 S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 Trang 193<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">S\u1ee5c kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch natri phenolate cho th\u1ea5y dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 m\u00e2y, trong dung d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi NAHCO3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh axit c\u1ee7a phenol.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">C6H5ONA + CO2 + H2O \u2192 C6H5OH + NAHCO3 (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Dung d\u1ecbch m\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phenol.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh axit c\u1ee7a phenol: phenol c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a H2CO3 carbon dioxide, v\u00ec v\u1eady carbon dioxide n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y ra kh\u1ecfi dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify\">Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edb phenol. Hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean chia s\u1ebb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 h\u1eefu \u00edch! <\/p>\n<p>                                    Ngu\u1ed3n tham chi\u1ebfu<\/p>\n<p>Phenol &#8211; Ng\u00e0y truy c\u1eadp: 19 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2022<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/phenol<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc phenol &#8211; Ng\u00e0y truy c\u1eadp: 19 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2022<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/phenol<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/\">http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/author\/nguyenlandung\">Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n d\u0169ng<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phenol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Tham gia Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 phenol th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a phenol trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26268"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28305,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26268\/revisions\/28305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}