{"id":21417,"date":"2025-07-08T09:56:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-08T02:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=21417"},"modified":"2025-07-08T20:05:43","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T13:05:43","slug":"muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat (KNO3): \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Khai_niem_ve_muoi_kali_nitrat_va_ten\" >Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat v\u00e0 t\u00ean<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Cac_tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_muoi_nitrat_kali\" >C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_muoi_nitrat_kali\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Cach_chuan_bi_muoi_nitrat_kali\" >C\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#4_ung_dung_muoi_nitrat_kali\" >4 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Ap_dung_kali_nitrat_trong_nong_nghiep\" >\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng kali nitrat trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Ap_dung_muoi_nitrat_kali_trong_chat_no_den\" >\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali trong ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 \u0111en<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Bao_quan_thuc_pham\" >B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Ap_dung_muoi_nitrat_kali_trong_y_hoc\" >\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali trong y h\u1ecdc<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Tap_the_duc_tren_kali_nitrat_va_de_xuat_cau_tra_loi\" >T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean kali nitrat v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_5_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9_trang_36\" >B\u00e0i 5 (H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9, trang 36)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-kali-nitrat-kno3-dinh-nghia-tinh-chat-cach-dieu-che-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_101_Hoa_hoc_SBT_9_trang_13\" >B\u00e0i 10.1 (H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SBT 9, trang 13)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng mu\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a kh\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n<p>                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/image\/600x480.png\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem_ve_muoi_kali_nitrat_va_ten\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat v\u00e0 t\u00ean<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 diem tieu, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn tr\u1eafng. Trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf kali nitrat (S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam).  <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kali Nitrat Salt ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: KNO3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-kali-nitrat-2.jpg\" alt=\"Kali nitrat. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_muoi_nitrat_kali\"><\/span>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol, \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan &#8230;.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">M\u00e0u s\u1eafc: Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">M\u00f9i: Mu\u1ed1i kno3 kno3 kali kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f9i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9: 2.109 g\/cm3 (16 \u00b0 C).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y: 334 \u00b0 C.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t: Mu\u1ed1i kali natri b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i kali nitrite v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng oxy \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2KNO3 \u2192 T \u00b0 2KNO2 + O2<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: mu\u1ed1i natri kali c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc (\u1edf 20 \u0111\u1ed9 C l\u00e0 32g\/100g n\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-kali-nitrat-3_(1).jpg\" alt=\"Kali nitrat mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00e0n h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali trong n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (c)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan (G\/100g Water)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">32<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">64<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">169<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_muoi_nitrat_kali\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0: ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxy h\u00f3a trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra oxy.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-kali-nitrat-4.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat. (\u1ea2nh: Shutterstock.com)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a kalat kno3 kali<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>S + 2KNO3 + 3C \u2192 K2S + N2 + 3CO2<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>6feso4 + 2Kno3 (t\u1eadp trung) + 4H2SO4 \u2192 K2SO4 + 3FE2 (SO4) 3 + 2NO + 4H2O<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y oxy<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2KNO3 \u2192 T \u00b0 2KNO2 + O2<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_chuan_bi_muoi_nitrat_kali\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, mu\u1ed1i Kali nitrat KNO3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u00f2a tan natri nitrat (Nano3) v\u00e0 kali clorua (KCl) trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. NaCl s\u1ebd k\u1ebft tinh \u1edf 30 \u0111\u1ed9 C v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch, sau \u0111\u00f3 ngu\u1ed9i \u1edf 22 \u0111\u1ed9 C, mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat (KNO3) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft tinh. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nano3 + kcl \u2192 kno3 + naCl<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Xem th\u00eam: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NaCl l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0o? T\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<li>Mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00f3m t\u1eaft ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c t\u1eeb AZ v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u00f4m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00f4m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_ung_dung_muoi_nitrat_kali\"><\/span>4 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kali nitrat l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed1c. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:  <\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_dung_kali_nitrat_trong_nong_nghiep\"><\/span>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng kali nitrat trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111ang tr\u1ed3ng, kali nitrat c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-kali-nitrat-5_(1).jpg\" alt=\"Kali nitrat \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Cung c\u1ea5p kali &#8211; Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4. K+ (n\u1ed3i Kation<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">T\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, gi\u00fap th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y ra c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_dung_muoi_nitrat_kali_trong_chat_no_den\"><\/span>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali trong ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 \u0111en<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 \u0111en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang, m\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed5 \u0111en c\u00f3 75% KNO3, 10% s v\u00e0 15% C. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2Kno3 (r) + 3c (r) + s (r) \u2192 t \u00b0 k2s (r) + n2 (k) + 3CO2 (k)<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bao_quan_thuc_pham\"><\/span>B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m (E252). \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ecbt t\u01b0\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_dung_muoi_nitrat_kali_trong_y_hoc\"><\/span>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali trong y h\u1ecdc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5, mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i kem \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho r\u0103ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m r\u1ec5.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-kali-nitrat-6.jpg\" alt=\"Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kem \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng cho r\u0103ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tap_the_duc_tren_kali_nitrat_va_de_xuat_cau_tra_loi\"><\/span>T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean kali nitrat v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sau khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i nitrat kali \u1edf tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9 \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba h\u1ecdc. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-kali-nitrat-8.jpg\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat. (\u1ea2nh: Shutterstock.com)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_5_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9_trang_36\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 5 (H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9, trang 36)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, mu\u1ed1i KCLO3 ho\u1eb7c KNO3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb oxy v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A\/ Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra cho m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\/ n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 0,1 mol m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch oxy t\u1eeb thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1c nhau? T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 t\u00edch oxy thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\/ c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb 1,12 l\u00edt oxy, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A\/ Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2KNO3 \u2192 2KNO2 + O2 (1)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2KCLO3 \u2192 2KCL + 3O2 (2)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\/ theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (1) v\u00e0 (2): s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a hai mu\u1ed1i tham gia v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nhau (b\u1eb1ng 0,1 mol), nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol oxy t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (1):<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">VO2 = 0,05 x 22,4 = 1,12 l\u00edt<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (2):<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">VO2 = 0,15 x 22,4 = 3,36 l\u00edt<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">c\/ <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2KNO3 \u2192 2KNO2 + O2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2KCLO3 \u2192 2KCL + 3O2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">nkno3 = 2 x no2 = 0,05 x 2 = 0,1 mol<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mkno3 = 101g\/mol; Mkclo3 = 122,5 g\/mol<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">MKNO3 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng = 0,1 x 101 = 10.1g<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">MKCLO3 C\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng = 0.1 \/3 x 122,5 = 4.08g<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_101_Hoa_hoc_SBT_9_trang_13\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 10.1 (H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SBT 9, trang 13)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f3 c\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i sau: Cuso4, NaCl, MGCO3, ZnSO4, KNO3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Vui l\u00f2ng cho bi\u1ebft mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A\/ kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi axit v\u00ec n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\/ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit sunfuric lo\u00e3ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\/ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i cacbonat v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit clohydric.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\/ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trung t\u00ednh gi\u1eefa hai gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">E\/ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit sunfuric.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A\/ NaCl v\u00e0 Kno3 mu\u1ed1i<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\/ ZnSO4 mu\u1ed1i<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\/ NaCl mu\u1ed1i<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\/ NaCl Salt, Kno3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">E\/ cuso4, mu\u1ed1i ZnSO4<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u1edf tr\u00ean, hy v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc trang web Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1eefu \u00edch h\u01a1n!<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/\">http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/author\/nguyenlandung\">Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n d\u0169ng<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng mu\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a kh\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat v\u00e0 t\u00ean Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 diem tieu, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn tr\u1eafng. Trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21417","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21417","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21417"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21417\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25312,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21417\/revisions\/25312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21417"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21417"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21417"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}