{"id":20840,"date":"2025-07-07T22:36:07","date_gmt":"2025-07-07T15:36:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=20840"},"modified":"2025-07-09T04:35:22","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T21:35:22","slug":"dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ea7u m\u1ecf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Khai_niem_dau_la_gi_Nguon_goc_cua_dau_la_gi\" >Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Thanh_phan_chinh_cua_dau_la_gi\" >Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_dau\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Dau_nhieu_nhat_o_dau\" >D\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Dau_khai_thac_nhu_the_nao_Giai_doan_xu_ly_dau_mo\" >D\u1ea7u khai th\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Ung_dung_cua_dau\" >\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Nhung_anh_huong_cua_dau_doi_voi_moi_truong\" >Nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Tap_the_duc_ve_dau_SGK\" >T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 d\u1ea7u SGK<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Bai_2_Trang_129_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9\" >B\u00e0i 2 Trang 129 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/dau-mo-la-gi-thanh-phan-va-nhung-ung-dung-noi-bat\/#Bai_3_Trang_129_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9\" >B\u00e0i 3 Trang 129 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p. V\u1eady d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n<p>                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/image\/600x480.png\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem_dau_la_gi_Nguon_goc_cua_dau_la_gi\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u th\u00f4, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t, m\u00e0u n\u00e2u d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee5c. D\u1ea7u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i trong l\u1edbp v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t hydrocarbon v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 di\u1ec7p l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c, ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u1ea7n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t trong h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/dai-mo-1_(1).jpg\" alt=\"Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thanh_phan_chinh_cua_dau_la_gi\"><\/span>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, d\u1ea7u t\u1eadp trung \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ba l\u1edbp:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">L\u1edbp kh\u00ed: L\u1edbp tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed. L\u1edbp ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed l\u00e0 metan.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">L\u1edbp d\u1ea7u l\u1ecfng: L\u1edbp d\u1ea7u h\u00f2a tan \u1edf gi\u1eefa, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i hydrocarbon v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">L\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i: \u1ede d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u m\u1ecf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m hydrocarbon c\u1ee7a ankan, Xicloankan, aren (hydrocarbon th\u01a1m). Ngo\u00e0i ra, d\u1ea7u c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a oxy, nit\u01a1, l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_dau\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm, kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00f9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng. <\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dau_nhieu_nhat_o_dau\"><\/span>D\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00eda nam. D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng 3-4 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/dau-mo-2_(1).jpg\" alt=\"D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,5%). Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u parafin (hydrocarbon v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u1edbn), v\u00ec v\u1eady d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u trong m\u1ecf Bach Ho v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1986. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ngo\u00e0i Bach Ho Mine, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Dai Hung, Rang Dong, Dragon, Lan Tay, &#8230;<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dau_khai_thac_nhu_the_nao_Giai_doan_xu_ly_dau_mo\"><\/span>D\u1ea7u khai th\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/dau-mo-6_(1).jpg\" alt=\"Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khoan v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1ea7u. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ebfng d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng. Khi d\u1ea7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o gi\u1ebfng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khoan s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ebfng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 d\u00e0y. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0o m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 phun h\u01a1i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng l\u00e0m cho d\u1ea7u lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y n\u00f3 l\u00ean gi\u1ebfng.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_cua_dau\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/dau-mo-4_(1).jpg\" alt=\"D\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n: G\u1ea7n \u2154 Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u. Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf bao g\u1ed3m x\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u diesel v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. X\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u00f4 t\u00f4, xe m\u00e1y, xe t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n. D\u1ea7u diesel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho xe bu\u00fdt, xe t\u1ea3i, xe l\u1eeda, thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00e0u. M\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n: C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n: Ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe h\u01a1i v\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: D\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t amoniac, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n nit\u01a1 trong ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. Thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bd\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, cao su t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, nylon, nh\u1ef1a, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa, s\u01a1n, &#8230; s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1ef1a, thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y, d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Xem th\u00eam: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Benzen: \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n<li>Metan l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_anh_huong_cua_dau_doi_voi_moi_truong\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc: nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0n d\u1ea7u. S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0n d\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ee9t h\u00e0n \u1ed1ng d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0u v\u1ea3y d\u1ea7u. <\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00e0n d\u1ea7u: Khi d\u1ea7u tr\u00e0n, d\u1ea7u s\u1ebd x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh ch\u00f3ng, d\u1ea7u s\u1ebd x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, s\u00e2u h\u01a1n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft chim bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 d\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/dau-mo-5_(1).jpg\" alt=\"S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0n d\u1ea7u. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady, d\u1ea7u c\u00f2n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 CO2, SO2, &#8230; xe, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 d\u1ea7u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n thay v\u00ec x\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">L\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u s\u1ebd c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. Do \u0111\u00f3, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 &#8220;bao ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3i tr\u1ea7n&#8221;, tr\u00e1nh th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phao h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n d\u1ea7u, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu h\u1ed3i d\u1ea7u, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n d\u1ea7u tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ea7u tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tap_the_duc_ve_dau_SGK\"><\/span>T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 d\u1ea7u SGK<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00f4ng qua th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 d\u1ea7u, vui l\u00f2ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/dau-mo-7.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp d\u1ea7u. (\u1ea2nh: Shutterstock.com)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_2_Trang_129_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 2 Trang 129 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1eeb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c &#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b) \u0110\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp th\u00eam x\u0103ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh &#8230; d\u1ea7u n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">c) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 &#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D) Kh\u00ed x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 &#8230; Kh\u00ed g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y x\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b) \u0110\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp th\u00eam x\u0103ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ee9t d\u1ea7u n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 metan.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D) Kh\u00ed d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_3_Trang_129_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 3 Trang 129 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft x\u0103ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1t d\u1ea7u l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) X\u1ecbt n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b) S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u0103n \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u1ec3 che l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">c) Che c\u00e1t v\u00e0o ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1ch tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 B v\u00e0 C v\u00ec n\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n x\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u00e0 sai v\u00ec sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea7u nhanh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top: 0pt;margin-bottom: 0pt\">D\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, chung tay \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/\">http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/author\/nguyenlandung\">Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n d\u0169ng<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p. V\u1eady d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20840"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20840\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25508,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20840\/revisions\/25508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}