{"id":20582,"date":"2025-07-07T19:00:53","date_gmt":"2025-07-07T12:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=20582"},"modified":"2025-07-10T16:35:28","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T09:35:28","slug":"ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u00c1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng b\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng nhau c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Ap_luc_long_la_gi\" >\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Dinh_nghia_cua_ap_suat_long\" >\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Cac_yeu_to_anh_huong_den_ap_suat_long\" >C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Ap_suat_chat_long_tuyet_doi_va_ap_suat_long_tuong_doi_la_gi\" >\u00c1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Ap_luc_long_tuyet_doi\" >\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Ap_luc_long_tuong_doi\" >\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Cong_thuc_tinh_toan_ap_suat_chat_long\" >C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Ap_luc_long_cua_thong_va_ung_dung\" >\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#JAR_la_gi_cau_truc_cua_nhau_la_gi\" >JAR l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a nhau l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Ap_dung_ap_suat_long_binh_thong\" >\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng b\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/ap-suat-chat-long-la-gi-ap-suat-chat-long-binh-thong-nhau-co-ung-dung-gi\/#Giai_quyet_cac_bai_tap_ap_luc_chat_long_vat_ly_8\" >Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u1eadt l\u00fd 8<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra xung quanh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc trong Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh V\u1eadt l\u00fd 8 l\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau.<\/p>\n<p>                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/image\/600x480.png\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_luc_long_la_gi\"><\/span>\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;\u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng&#8221;, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 1: L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t xi lanh th\u1ee7y tinh c\u00f3 \u0111\u0129a D ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e1y. Mu\u1ed1n d bao ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e0n tay \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d l\u00ean (minh h\u1ecda). Khi \u1ea5n chai v\u00e0o s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 bu\u00f4ng d\u00e2y, \u0111\u0129a D v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1y ngay c\u1ea3 khi chai quay theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c theo m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ap-suat-chat-long-5.jpg\" alt=\"Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 1. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 2: M\u1ed9t xi lanh c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf C v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 A v\u00e0 B trong b\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u00eam phong b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdc cao su m\u1ecfng. Quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra khi \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao su b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng? Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean b\u00ecnh theo c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn? <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: M\u00e0ng cao su c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed5i ph\u1ed3ng, cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean b\u00ecnh theo m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ap-suat-chat-long-1.jpg\" alt=\"Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 2. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh_nghia_cua_ap_suat_long\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u1eeb hai th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o b\u00ean trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ap-suat-chat-long-4.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_yeu_to_anh_huong_den_ap_suat_long\"><\/span>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong chai ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang xem x\u00e9t.  <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u0169ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, khi ch\u00fang ta xem x\u00e9t 2 ch\u1eadu n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao. Kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi n\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p. <\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_suat_chat_long_tuyet_doi_va_ap_suat_long_tuong_doi_la_gi\"><\/span>\u00c1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_luc_long_tuyet_doi\"><\/span>\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh: kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o trong c\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Pa<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i: PA = P0 +.HHH<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">P0: \u00c1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\u03b3: Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">H: \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_luc_long_tuong_doi\"><\/span>\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd suy ra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c d\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean kh\u00e1c cho \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: PT\u0111, PDU<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i: PDU = \u03b3.H<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong \u0111\u00f3: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\u03b3: Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">H: \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong_thuc_tinh_toan_ap_suat_chat_long\"><\/span>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed5ng \u00e1p \u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;border-color: #4e4c50;border-style: solid\" border=\"1\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 99.0477%;text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">P = DH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong \u0111\u00f3: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">P: \u00c1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 PA ho\u1eb7c N\/M2<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">H: Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u00e9t (m).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">D: Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang l\u00e0 N\/M3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ap-suat-chat-long-8.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tr\u01a1n tru.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00e0i 1: So s\u00e1nh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m M, N v\u00e0 Q trong th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong h\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ap-suat-chat-long-9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"235\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi A<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao h l\u00e0: p = dh<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Do \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, c\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00e0i 2: M\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 cao 1,5m ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00ednh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t. Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m 40cm t\u1eeb ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bi\u1ebft tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 10000 N\/m3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y th\u00f9ng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">P = D (n\u01b0\u1edbc) .H = 10000.1.5 = 15000 (PA)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m A \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H1 = H &#8211; H = 1,5-0.4 = 1.1 (m)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">P1 = D (n\u01b0\u1edbc) .H1 = 10000.1.1 = 11000 (PA)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00e0i 3: M\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 cao 1,7m. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 10300 N\/ m3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t. T\u00ednh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t do n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 80cm t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b. \u0110i\u1ec3m B 45cm t\u1eeb mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a th\u00f9ng<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">c. \u0110i\u1ec3m C 55cm t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00f9ng. T\u00ecm s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m B v\u00e0 C<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>M\u1ed9t. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m A \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0:<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>  H1 = H &#8211; H2 = 1.7-0.8 = 0,9 (m)<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>Theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: P = DH<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m A l\u00e0: <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>P1 = 10300.0.9 = 92700 (PA)<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>b. \u0110i\u1ec3m B 45cm t\u1eeb mi\u1ec7ng th\u00f9ng:<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>  P2 = 10300.0.45 = 4635 (PA)<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>c. \u0110i\u1ec3m C 55cm t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p:<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>P3 = 10300.1.15 = 11845 (PA)<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m B v\u00e0 C l\u00e0: <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>P = P2 &#8211; P1 = 7210 (PA)<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Xem th\u00eam: Hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_luc_long_cua_thong_va_ung_dung\"><\/span>\u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nhau c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. <\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"JAR_la_gi_cau_truc_cua_nhau_la_gi\"><\/span>JAR l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a nhau l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00e0u th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1edbi 2 nh\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1y v\u1edbi nhau. Trong hai nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a chai, c\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u ngang, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m trong chai, m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ap-suat-chat-long-10.jpg\" alt=\"C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a nhau. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">L\u01b0u \u00fd: N\u1ebfu b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a 2 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_dung_ap_suat_long_binh_thong\"><\/span>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng b\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u1ea1ch th\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e1y \u00e9p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, khi ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c F) tr\u00ean p\u00edt -t\u00f4ng &#8211; giai \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s. Sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c P tr\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong b\u1ec3. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">P = f\/s <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p su\u1ea5t P s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ebfn p\u00edt -t\u00f4ng l\u1edbn theo nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau. Pistons &#8211; C\u00e1c \u00e2m l\u1edbn c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch S v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi l\u1ef1c f b\u1edfi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c p. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">F\/f = s\/s. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u00e9p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y. B\u1edfi v\u00ec trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd gi\u00fap h\u1ecd t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. <\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_quyet_cac_bai_tap_ap_luc_chat_long_vat_ly_8\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u1eadt l\u00fd 8  <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u1ebd \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u 1: Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2u n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c theo m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a chai kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c \u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D. N\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u gi\u1ed1ng nhau trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi A v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c theo m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1y b\u00ecnh, b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt trong tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u 2: C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A. P = D\/H <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B. P = DH <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C. P = DV <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D. P = h\/d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 p = dh<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u 3: \u00c1p l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C. Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D. Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp tr\u00ean<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u 4: Trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn sau \u0111\u00e2y, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 nhau?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A. T\u00e0u l\u00e0 chai c\u00f3 2 nh\u00e1nh tr\u1edf l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B. Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e9o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C. trong nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a 1 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D. trong nhau ch\u1ee9a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ee9ng, m\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh lu\u00f4n \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u 5: M\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c b\u0103ng \u0111ang n\u1ed5i trong b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi b\u0103ng b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A. T\u0103ng<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B. Gi\u1ea3m<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong chai kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi b\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u 6: M\u1ed9t t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1eb7t \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00e2n t\u00e0u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 2020000 N\/m2. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 860000N\/m2. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m \u1edf hai l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 10300N\/m3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A. 196m; 83,5m <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B. 160m; 83,5m<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C. 169m; 85m <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D. 85m; 169m<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: P = dh \u21d2 h = p\/d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H1 = D1\/P = 2020000\/10300 = 196 (m)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m sau khi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H2 = D2\/P = 860000\/10300 = 83,5 (m)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u 7: Trong b\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m hai nh\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh l\u1edbn c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4i. Khi T kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf kh\u00f3a, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 30 cm. T\u00ednh chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong hai nh\u00e1nh sau khi T \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 khi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee9ng. B\u1ecf qua kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i hai con.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A. 10 cm <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B. 20 cm <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C. 30 cm <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D. 40 cm<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ecdi khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 S, \u1ed1ng l\u1edbn l\u00e0 2 gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sau khi m\u1edf kh\u00f3a c\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong hai nh\u00e1nh c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u cao h.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong t\u00e0u kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2S.30 = sh + 2s.hh<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u21d2 h = 20 (cm)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u 8: M\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 2,8m. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e1 v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong. H\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 n\u1ebfu l\u1ed7 r\u1ed9ng 150 cm2 v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 10000 N\/m3.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A. 390n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B. 400n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C. 395n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D. 420n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn: Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00c1p l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">P = dh = 10000.2.8 = 28000 (n\/m2)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">L\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">F = PS = 28000.0,015 = 420 (n)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng, v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi xem x\u00e9t \u0111i k\u00e8m, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/\">http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/author\/nguyenlandung\">Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n d\u0169ng<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra xung quanh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc trong Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh V\u1eadt l\u00fd 8 l\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ecfng. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20582"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26348,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20582\/revisions\/26348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}