{"id":20538,"date":"2025-07-07T18:25:52","date_gmt":"2025-07-07T11:25:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=20538"},"modified":"2025-07-07T18:25:52","modified_gmt":"2025-07-07T11:25:52","slug":"muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"Mu\u1ed1i cacbonat: Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Khai_niem_ve_muoi_cacbonat_la_gi\" >Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Phan_loai_muoi_cacbonat\" >Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1i cacbonat<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Do_hoa_tan_cua_muoi_cacbonat\" >\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_muoi_cacbonat\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Muoi_cacbonat_hoat_dong_voi_axit\" >Mu\u1ed1i cacbonat ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi axit<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Hieu_qua_voi_giai_phap_co_ban\" >Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Hieu_qua_voi_dung_dich_muoi\" >Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Phan_ung_phan_huy_muoi_cacbonat\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y mu\u1ed1i cacbonat<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Ap_dung_muoi_cacbonat_trong_cuoc_song_va_san_xuat\" >\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i cacbonat trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Tap_the_duc_ve_muoi_cacbonat_cua_hoa_hoc_9_voi_cac_giai_phap\" >T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_tap_2_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9_Trang_91\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Trang 91<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_tap_3_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9_Trang_91\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Trang 91<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_tap_4_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9_Trang_91\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Trang 91<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/muoi-cacbonat-khai-niem-phan-loai-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_tap_5_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9_Trang_91\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 5 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Trang 91<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i cacbonat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tham gia Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/image\/600x480.png\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem_ve_muoi_cacbonat_la_gi\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i cacbonat l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a carbon dioxide, n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m hai lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf carbonate CO32- v\u00e0 Hidrocarbonate HCO3-. Mu\u1ed1i carbonate r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho v\u00f4i, xi m\u0103ng, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, thu\u1ed1c &#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-cacbonat-8.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u mu\u1ed1i cacbonat. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_loai_muoi_cacbonat\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1i cacbonat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i cacbonat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m carbonate trung h\u00f2a v\u00e0 cacbonat.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Mu\u1ed1i carbonate trung t\u00ednh: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 H trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean axit. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: cacbonat magi\u00ea (MGCO3), canxi cacbonat (CACO3), natri cacbonat (NA2CO3) &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Carbonate c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i hydrocarbonate, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 H trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean axit. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, natri hydrocarbonate nahco3; Canxi hydrocarbonate (CA (HCO3) 2, kali hydrocarbonate (KHCO3) &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Do_hoa_tan_cua_muoi_cacbonat\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft, mu\u1ed1i cacbonat kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 Na2CO3, K2CO3 &#8230; Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i hydrocarbonate h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Mg (HCO3) 2, CA (HCO3) 2 &#8230;<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_muoi_cacbonat\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i cacbonat c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit m\u1ea1nh, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng CO2 (ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Na2CO3, K2CO3 &#8230;). C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-cacbonat-7.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat. (\u1ea2nh: \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muoi_cacbonat_hoat_dong_voi_axit\"><\/span>Mu\u1ed1i cacbonat ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi axit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i carbonate c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c axit m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n carbon dioxide \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng CO2.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat, s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p NAHCO3 v\u00e0 NA2CO3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit clohydric (HCL). Quan s\u00e1t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bong b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng trong c\u1ea3 hai \u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra do c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nahco3 (DD) + HCl (DD) -&gt; NaCl (DD) + H2O (L) + CO2 (K)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Na2Co3 (DD) + 2HCl (DD) -&gt; 2NaCl (DD) + H2O (L) + CO2 (K)<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hieu_qua_voi_giai_phap_co_ban\"><\/span>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i cacbonat ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh cacbonat kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c baz\u01a1 m\u1edbi<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">K2CO3 (DD) + CA (OH) 2 (DD) -&gt; Caco3 (Solid -white) + 2KOH (DD)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">L\u01b0u \u00fd: Mu\u1ed1i Hidrocarbonate ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">NAHCO3 (DD) + NaOH (DD) -&gt; Na2Co3 (DD) + H2O (L)<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hieu_qua_voi_dung_dich_muoi\"><\/span>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i carbonate c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn 2 mu\u1ed1i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cho dung d\u1ecbch natri cacbonat (NA2CO3) ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch canxi clorua (CaCl2) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a m\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eafng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Na2CO3 (DD) + CaCl2 (DD) -&gt; Caco3 (Solid -white) + 2NaCl (DD)<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_phan_huy_muoi_cacbonat\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y mu\u1ed1i cacbonat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nhi\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1i cacbonat, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb mu\u1ed1i carbonate trung h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng carbon dioxide. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-cacbonat-1.png\" alt=\"Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng mu\u1ed1i NAHCO3. (\u1ea2nh: \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Caco3 (r) -&gt; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (R) + CO2 (k)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2nahco3 (r) -&gt; na2co3 (r) + h2O (h) + CO2 (k)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Xem th\u00eam: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00f3m t\u1eaft ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c t\u1eeb AZ v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/li>\n<li>Mu\u1ed1i kali nitrat (KNO3): \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n<li>Oxit carbon (CO) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_dung_muoi_cacbonat_trong_cuoc_song_va_san_xuat\"><\/span>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i cacbonat trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mu\u1ed1i carbonate c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed7i mu\u1ed1i carbonate c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-cacbonat-2.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00ean mu\u1ed1i<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Caco3 (canxi cacbonat)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh s\u01a1n, canxi cacbonat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m tr\u1ea7n, khung nh\u1ef1a, \u1ed1ng PVC &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">NA2CO3 (natri cacbonat)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh (chi\u1ebfm 13-15%)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">L\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 gia trong x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n cho nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean natri. <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">NAHCO3 (natri bicarbonate &#8211; baking soda)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Gi\u00f2n, x\u1ed1p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p b\u00e1nh. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 t\u0103ng pH trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 r\u0103ng nh\u01b0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u00e2u r\u0103ng, r\u0103ng, b\u1ec7nh nha chu &#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m trung h\u00f2a axit d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tr\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y th\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tap_the_duc_ve_muoi_cacbonat_cua_hoa_hoc_9_voi_cac_giai_phap\"><\/span>T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n xem x\u00e9t ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/muoi-cacbonat-6.jpg\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean mu\u1ed1i cacbonat. (\u1ea2nh: Shutterstock.com)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_2_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9_Trang_91\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Trang 91<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat, n\u00eau c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i MgCO3 v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">MGCO3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">MGCO3 + H2SO4 \u2192 MGSO4 + CO2 + H2O.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">MGCO3 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">MGCO3 -&gt; (Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9) MGO + CO2. <\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_3_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9_Trang_91\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Trang 91<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C -&gt; CO2 -&gt; Caco3 -&gt; CO2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">(1) C + O2 -&gt; (Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9) CO2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">(2) CO2 + CA (OH) 2 \u2192 CACO3 + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">(3) Caco3 + 2HCl \u2192 CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_4_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9_Trang_91\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Trang 91<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Vui l\u00f2ng ch\u1ec9 ra trong c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p ch\u1ea5t sau, c\u1eb7p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) H2SO4 v\u00e0 KHCO3; b) K2CO3 v\u00e0 NaCl; c) MGCO3 v\u00e0 HCl; d) CaCl2 v\u00e0 Na2CO3; e) BA (OH) 2 v\u00e0 K2CO3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c c\u1eb7p ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhau l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p ch\u1ea5t A, C, D v\u00e0 E. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H2SO4 + 2KHCO3 \u2192 K2SO4 + 2CO2 + 2H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">MGCO3 + 2HCL \u2192 MGCL2 + CO2 + H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CaCl2 + Na2Co3 \u2192 Caco3 + 2NaCl<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">BA (OH) 2 + K2CO3 \u2192 BACO3 + 2KOH<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhau: b).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">L\u01b0u \u00fd: C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a (kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan) ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_5_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9_Trang_91\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 5 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9, Trang 91<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a CO2 (DKTC) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft l\u1eeda n\u1ebfu b\u00ecnh ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y ch\u1ee9a dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a 980g H2SO4 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NAHCO3.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">  Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2nahco3 + H2SO4 \u2192 NA2SO4 + 2CO2 + 2H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Do \u0111\u00f3: NCO2 = 2 x NH2SO4 = 10 x 2 = 20 mol.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">VCO2 = NX 22.4 = 20 x 22.4 = 448 l\u00edt.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i carbonate v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 xem x\u00e9t. \u0110\u1ecdc trang web Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean chia s\u1ebb n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft h\u1eefu \u00edch!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mu\u1ed1i cacbonat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tham gia Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20538"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20538\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24640,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20538\/revisions\/24640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20538"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20538"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}