{"id":20255,"date":"2025-07-07T15:35:04","date_gmt":"2025-07-07T08:35:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=20255"},"modified":"2025-07-07T15:35:04","modified_gmt":"2025-07-07T08:35:04","slug":"polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"Polime: Chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Khai_niem_polymer_la_gi\" >Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m polymer l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Cac_phan_loai_la_gi\" >C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Dua_tren_nguon_goc\" >D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Dua_tren_tong_hop\" >D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Dua_tren_cau_truc\" >D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Dac_diem_cau_truc_toi_uu\" >\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1i \u01b0u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Tinh_chat_vat_ly_polymer\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd polymer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_polymer\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a polymer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Phan_ung_chuan_bi_toi_uu\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Phan_ung_trung_hop\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Phan_ung_chong_cheo\" >Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Ap_dung_polymer_trong_cuoc_song_san_xuat\" >\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng polymer trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Nhua\" >Nh\u1ef1a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Lua\" >L\u1ee5a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Cao_su\" >Cao su<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Tap_the_duc_tren_sach_giao_khoa_poly_hoa_hoc_9_voi_giai_phap_chi_tiet_nhat\" >T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa poly h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9 v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_tap_1_trang_165_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 (trang 165 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_tap_2_trang_165_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 (trang 165 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_tap_3_trang_165_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 (trang 165 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/polime-chi-tiet-khai-niem-cau-tao-tinh-chat-va-ung-dung\/#Bai_tap_5_trang_165_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 5 (trang 165 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p>Polime &#8211; M\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quen thu\u1ed9c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft polymer th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. <\/p>\n<p>                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/image\/600x480.png\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-1.jpg\" alt=\"T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem_polymer_la_gi\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m polymer l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Polyme l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau. C\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb &#8211; hai ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n hai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 chung c\u1eb7p electron. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eebng chu\u1ed7i polymer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 monome.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-2.jpg\" alt=\"H\u1ecdc polymer. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Polietilen (H\u00e0ngch2 &#8211; ch2,) n sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e02 &#8211; CH2 &#8211; l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft; N l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 N \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p, tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p N c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polymer c\u00e0ng cao.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 DNA v\u00e0 RNA. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng polyme t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean quen thu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c xung quanh ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0 l\u1ee5a, t\u00f3c, m\u00f3ng tay, m\u00f3ng ch\u00e2n, cellulozo v\u00e0 protein &#8230; B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c than, d\u1ea7u th\u00f4.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_phan_loai_la_gi\"><\/span>C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c polyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-3.jpg\" alt=\"D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, polymer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh. (\u1ea2nh: \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dua_tren_nguon_goc\"><\/span>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, polymer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: polyme c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 polyme t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Polyme c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 cao su, cellulose &#8230; <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Polyme t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 polietilen, nh\u1ef1a phenol-Foman. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, polyme nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n synthetic) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c polyme t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c polyme m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 cellulose trinitrate, l\u1ee5a visco &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dua_tren_tong_hop\"><\/span>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, polymer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Polymer polymer h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p: ((H\u00e0ngch2 &#8211; CH2 -) N v\u00e0 (H\u00f3ach2 &#8211; chcl -) n. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Polyme ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u1eebng: (([CH2]6 &#8211; hnh &#8211; co -[CH2]4 CO Co CO) n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dua_tren_cau_truc\"><\/span>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c polyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 PVC, PE, PS, cao su, cellulose, tinh b\u1ed9t &#8230;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Polyme c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 amilopectin, glicogen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Polymer c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng gian, nh\u01b0 Rezit, cao su l\u01b0u h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_diem_cau_truc_toi_uu\"><\/span>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1i \u01b0u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed purime bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-4.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed purime bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau. (\u1ea2nh: \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh. M\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polymer c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng (m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Polietilen, Amilose &#8230; <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: amilopectin, glicogen &#8230; <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ea1ch m\u1ea1ng (m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng gian). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Cao su d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1ef1a Bakelit &#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-5.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh. (\u1ea2nh: \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c polyme th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng bay h\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c dung m\u00f4i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_vat_ly_polymer\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd polymer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a polymer n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng r\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (th\u01b0\u1eddng tan ch\u1ea3y \u1edf ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng). Khi n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c polyme t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u1edbt, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ebbo. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 polyme kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng tan ch\u1ea3y khi s\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-6.jpg\" alt=\"Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0o c\u00f3 polyme? (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c polyme kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c dung m\u00f4i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 polyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong dung m\u00f4i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch nh\u1edbt, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 polibutadien trong benzen.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nhi\u1ec1u polyme l\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t (polietilen, pollipropilen &#8230;), m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i (polibuta doser, poliisoprene &#8230;) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u1ec1n (nylon-6, cellulozo, &#8230;). C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng polyme trong su\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng gi\u00f2n, nhi\u1ec1u polyme l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t (polietilen, poli (vinyl clorua), &#8230;) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn (polianilin, polithophen, &#8230;)<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_polymer\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a polymer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u1edbi ba ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 c\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u0103ng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u carbon. Ba ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a polymer.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-7.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a polymer. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch: Polyme c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng trong m\u1ea1ch d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n. Polymer tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t monome ba \u0111\u1ea7u. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n pyric v\u00e0o c\u00e1c monome \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c depolime \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 polyme b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ch: C\u00e1c polyme polymer trong m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u0103ng: Khi trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c, v.v.), c\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch d\u00e0i h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cao su cao su l\u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh cao su l\u01b0u h\u00f3a, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ef1a Rezol th\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a Rezit, &#8230; trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng polymer. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Xem th\u00eam: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 protein: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/li>\n<li>Saccarozo: Chi ti\u1ebft l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft + B\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u00e0 C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_chuan_bi_toi_uu\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb polymer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_trung_hop\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (monome) th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t polymer r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (polymer). S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c monome \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">        V\u00ed d\u1ee5: CH2 = CH2, CH2 = CH &#8211; C6H5<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">V\u00f2ng \u00edt b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">        V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-8.jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? (\u1ea2nh: \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 12)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_ung_chong_cheo\"><\/span>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf (monome) th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (polyme) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c (nh\u01b0 H2O &#8230;). N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00e1c monome tham gia v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-9.jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n (\u1ea2nh: \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 12)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ap_dung_polymer_trong_cuoc_song_san_xuat\"><\/span>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng polymer trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, polymer \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 d\u1ec7t may, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea9m, nh\u1ef1a, m\u00e1y bay, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i &#8230;. ba \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a polymer trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a, l\u1ee5a v\u00e0 SU. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-10.jpg\" alt=\"T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhua\"><\/span>Nh\u1ef1a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Feates l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb polymer. Ngo\u00e0i polymer, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo (t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m), ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, kh\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec7t), ph\u1ee5 gia m\u00e0u, t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f9i, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng). <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Feates c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, b\u1ec1n, \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1ec5 x\u1eed l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc &#8230; Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e3 thay th\u1ebf kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed3 s\u00e0nh s\u1ee9, th\u1ee7y tinh trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lua\"><\/span>L\u1ee5a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Silk l\u00e0 polyme t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c polyme t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u1ee5a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh l\u1ee5a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 l\u1ee5a, s\u1ee3i b\u00f4ng, s\u1ee3i \u0111ay) v\u00e0 l\u1ee5a h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc &#8211; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb polyme t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-11.jpg\" alt=\"D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u1ee5a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh l\u1ee5a v\u00e0 l\u1ee5a h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. (\u1ea2nh: \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Silk h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a th\u00edch h\u01a1n l\u1ee5a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1eb9p, d\u1ec5 r\u1eeda, kh\u00f4 kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cao_su\"><\/span>Cao su<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Cao su l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t polymer t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c polymer t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng chia cao su th\u00e0nh 2 lo\u1ea1i: cao su t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 cao su t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cao su Buna. Cao su \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 l\u1ed1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, d\u00e2y, \u00e1o m\u01b0a, \u00e1o l\u1eb7n &#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-12.jpg\" alt=\"Cao su l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t polymer t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c polymer t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a cao su l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ed1ng kh\u00ed, m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tap_the_duc_tren_sach_giao_khoa_poly_hoa_hoc_9_voi_giai_phap_chi_tiet_nhat\"><\/span>T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa poly h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9 v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u00e3y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a polymer \u1edf \u200b\u200btr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa th\u1ee9 9 sau \u0111\u00e2y. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Polime-13.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp polymer c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9. (\u1ea2nh: shutterstock.com)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_1_trang_165_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 (trang 165 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A) Polyme l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B) Polyme l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C) Polyme l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D) Polyme l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang: d.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_2_trang_165_SGK_Hoa_hoc_9\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 (trang 165 SGK H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A) T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng &#8230; kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B) H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c polyme l\u00e0 &#8230; trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C) Polyme c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 polymer &#8230; v\u00e0 polyme c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 polymer &#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D) Polietilen v\u00e0 Poli (vinyl clorua) l\u00e0 polyme &#8230; trong khi b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 cellulose l\u00e0 polyme &#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c c\u1ee5m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">A) Polyme th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B) H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c polyme kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C) C\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 polyme t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 polyme ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 polyme t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D) Polietilen v\u00e0 Poli (vinyl clorua) l\u00e0 polyme t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tinh b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 cellulose l\u00e0 polyme t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_3_trang_165_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 (trang 165 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polymer sau: polietilen, cellulose, tinh b\u1ed9t (aminopectin), pplre (vinyl clorua), ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polymer n\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ch gi\u1ed1ng nhau? Vui l\u00f2ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polymer \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed purime c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a anh ch\u00e0ng: polietilen, poli (vinyl clorua), cellulose, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polymer c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh: tinh b\u1ed9t (aminopectin).<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_5_trang_165_Hoa_hoc_SGK_9\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 5 (trang 165 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc SGK 9)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi \u0111\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t polymer ch\u1ec9 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c CO2 v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 mol c\u1ee7a CO2: s\u1ed1 mol H2O = 1: 1.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u1ecfi lo\u1ea1i polymer polymer n\u00e0o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c polyme sau: polietilen, poli (vinyl clorua), tinh b\u1ed9t, protein? T\u1ea1i sao?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi \u0111\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t polymer cho s\u1ed1 mol CO2 b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a H2O, polymer l\u00e0 polietilen.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Poli (vinyl clorua), protein khi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i CO2, H2O. B\u00f2 ch\u00e1y tinh b\u1ed9t cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 mol c\u1ee7a CO2: S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol c\u1ee7a H2O l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38;text-align: justify;margin-top: 12pt;margin-bottom: 12pt\">Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n chi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c polyme nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp trang web c\u1ee7a Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u00fa v\u1ecb h\u01a1n. <\/p>\n<p>                                    Ngu\u1ed3n tham chi\u1ebfu<\/p>\n<p>Polymer &#8211; Ng\u00e0y truy c\u1eadp: 05\/06\/2022<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/polymer<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Polyme l\u00e0 g\u00ec? &#8211; Ng\u00e0y truy c\u1eadp: ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2022<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.sciencenewsforstudents.org\/article\/explainer-what-are-polyme<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Polime &#8211; M\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quen thu\u1ed9c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft polymer th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m polymer l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20255"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20255\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24577,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20255\/revisions\/24577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}