{"id":16173,"date":"2025-07-03T02:20:04","date_gmt":"2025-07-02T19:20:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=16173"},"modified":"2025-07-04T02:05:11","modified_gmt":"2025-07-03T19:05:11","slug":"phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1: Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc hay"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Phan_so_la_gi\" >Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Tinh_chat_cua_phan_so\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Bai_tap_phan_so_pho_bien\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Mau_1_Shorten_Phan_so\" >M\u1eabu 1: Shorten Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Mau_2_Mo_hinh_da_dang\" >M\u1eabu 2: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Mau_3_So_sanh_2_phan_so\" >M\u1eabu 3: So s\u00e1nh 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Mau_4_Tinh_toan_co_ban_cua_phan_so\" >M\u1eabu 4: T\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Bai_tap_phan_so_ky_thuat_so\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Bi_quyet_de_hoc_kien_%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8Bthuc_phan_so_hieu_qua\" >B\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/phan-so-khai-niem-tinh-chat-dang-toan-bai-tap-va-bi-quyet-hoc-hay\/#Ket_luan\" >K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m quen, h\u1ecdc trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh to\u00e1n l\u1edbp 4. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp, m\u1eb9o, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a kh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<p>                                                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img_default\/monkey3.png\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"title\">H\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a kh\u1ec9<\/p>\n<p class=\"description\">\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd ngay \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc h\u1ecdc cho tr\u1ebb em.<\/p>\n<p>                                                                            *Vui l\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n *Vui l\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 2.000 t\u1eeb &amp; 6.000 c\u00e2u ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n 4 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfng Anh t\u1ed1t &#8211; ti\u1ebfng Anh theo c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng EQ &amp; Vi\u1ec7t Nam *B\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0o! \u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_so_la_gi\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a hai s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng hai s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1, s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean Ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1eabu s\u1ed1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi 0.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">M\u1ed8T<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">&#8211;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong \u0111\u00f3, A l\u00e0 s\u1ed1, B l\u00e0 m\u1eabu s\u1ed1. (B kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi 0)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phan-so-1.jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n chia. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn A: b. Trong \u0111\u00f3 A s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 B s\u1ebd l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>\u2153: m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>\u215a \u2236 N\u0103m ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>\u00be: Ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>\u00bd: M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n hai <\/em><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_cua_phan_so\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh 1: N\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng 0, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>\u2154 = (2*3) \/ (3*3) = \u2154 <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh 2: N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1c 0, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 cho.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>9\u20447 = (9: 5) (7: 5) = 9\u20447<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n 3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">1\u2044A = A-1 <\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">  A \u2044 a = 1 (v\u00ec t\u1eeb v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng nhau)<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">A \u20441 = a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia cho 1 b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh n\u00f3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>5\u20445 = 1<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>4\u20441 = 4 trong \u0111\u00f3 4 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 1 l\u00e0 m\u1eabu s\u1ed1<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>1\u20442 = 2^-1<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phan-so-2.jpg\" alt=\"C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_phan_so_pho_bien\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m quen v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phan-so-3.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mau_1_Shorten_Phan_so\"><\/span>M\u1eabu 1: Shorten Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft: Trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1eabu cho nh\u1eefng mong mu\u1ed1n chung l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>70\u2044140 = (70:10) \u2044 (140: 10) = 7\u204414 = 1\u20442 <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>ho\u1eb7c 70\u2044140 = (70:70) \u2044 (140: 70) = \u00bd<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mau_2_Mo_hinh_da_dang\"><\/span>M\u1eabu 2: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: \u0110\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea1ng 2 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u00ecm b\u1ed9i s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chung (MSC).<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: T\u00ecm s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia MSC cho m\u1ed7i bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: S\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e1 v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3: 3 x 4 = 12, ch\u1ecdn 12 l\u00e0m MSC, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3:<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>\u2154 = (2 x 4) \/ (3 x 4) = 8\u204412<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>= (1 x 3) \/ (4 x 3) = 3\u204412 <\/em><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mau_3_So_sanh_2_phan_so\"><\/span>M\u1eabu 3: So s\u00e1nh 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u1ede d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp so s\u00e1nh 2 -Digit, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Lo\u1ea1i 1: So s\u00e1nh hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1eabu ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1eb7t 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u2044 b, c \u2044 d trong \u0111\u00f3 b, d kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi 0<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">A b&gt; c \u2044 d khi v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 (a * d)&gt; (b * c)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: So s\u00e1nh \u2153 v\u00e0 \u00bd <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean: 1 * 2 (= 2) &lt;1 * 3 (= 3) <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>N\u00ean suy lu\u1eadn \u2153 &lt;\u00bd <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Lo\u1ea1i 2: So s\u00e1nh hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 hai b\u1eb1ng nhau<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n so s\u00e1nh 2 s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi nhau. N\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ph\u1ea7n s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">N\u1ebfu 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n so s\u00e1nh 2 s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi nhau n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: a \u2044 b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: So s\u00e1nh 5\u20444 v\u00e0 7\u20444<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>B\u1edfi v\u00ec 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 4, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd so s\u00e1nh 2 s\u1ed1: 5 &lt;7<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>N\u00ean suy ra 5\u20444 &lt;7\u20444 <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Lo\u1ea1i 3: Hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng nhau<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd so s\u00e1nh hai bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu. N\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ph\u1ea7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: a \u2044 b  c trong \u0111\u00f3 b, c kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi 0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Cho 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u2156 v\u00e0 2\u20447. Vui l\u00f2ng so s\u00e1nh 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u1edf tr\u00ean<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ec c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 5  2\u20447<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mau_4_Tinh_toan_co_ban_cua_phan_so\"><\/span>M\u1eabu 4: T\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">1. B\u1ed5 sung th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1: N\u1ebfu 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1eabu s\u1ed1, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a hai s\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: a\u2044c + b\u2044c = (a + b) \u2044c<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 5\u20443 + 8\u20443 = (5 +8) 3 = 13 3 3<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2: N\u1ebfu hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed5 sung.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: a \u2044 b + c \u2044 d = (a*d + b*c) b*d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sau: 1\u20444 + 1\u20443? <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nh\u01b0 sau: 1\u20444 + 1\u20443 = 3\u204412 + 4\u204412 = 7\u204412<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1: N\u1ebfu hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1eabu s\u1ed1, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hai s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu s\u1ed1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: a \u2044 b &#8211; c \u2044 b = (a &#8211; c) b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 5\u20443 &#8211; 4\u20443 = (5 &#8211; 4) 3 = 1\u20443 <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2: Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eabu v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u1eeb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: a \u2044 b &#8211; c \u2044 d = (a*d &#8211; b*c) (b*d)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 5\u20442 &#8211; 4\u20443 = (5*3 &#8211; 4*2) 6 = 7\u20446 <\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">3. Nh\u00e2n \u0111a nh\u00e2n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1 hai ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1, m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi m\u1eabu s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: a \u2044 b*c \u2044 d = (a*c) (b*d)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 5\u20442*4\u20443 = (5*4) (2*3) = 20\u20446 = 10\u20443<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">4. Ph\u00e2n chia ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec3 chia 2 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: A \u2044 b: C \u2044 d = a b*d \u2044 c = (a*d) (b*c)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 5\u20442: 4\u20443 = 5\u20442 * = 15\u20448<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_phan_so_ky_thuat_so\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 cho tr\u1ebb th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng nhau<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phan-so-4a.jpg\" alt=\"(Ngu\u1ed3n: T\u00f3m t\u1eaft)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bi_quyet_de_hoc_kien_%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8Bthuc_phan_so_hieu_qua\"><\/span>B\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc khi ch\u00fang quen v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb em \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 cha m\u1eb9 tham kh\u1ea3o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 con c\u00e1i:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/phan-so-4.jpg\" alt=\"H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1. (\u1ea2nh: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">N\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: Cha m\u1eb9 n\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp l\u00e0 g\u00ec, &#8230; ch\u1ec9 khi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">T\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n chia: Ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. Do \u0111\u00f3, cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">H\u1ecdc ch\u00edn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng: T\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 chia. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ea3ng ch\u00edn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi con b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean: Khi b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, cha m\u1eb9 t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho tr\u1ebb th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c m\u1edbi tr\u00ean internet, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi qua c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, &#8230; \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb em quan t\u00e2m h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">H\u1ecdc to\u00e1n ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc kh\u1ec9: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y to\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u00edch c\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c video, ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c s\u1ebd gi\u00fap k\u00edch th\u00edch suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc to\u00e1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/timhieungay.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"185\" height=\"38\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7DSJPVHFROS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7DSJPVHFROS<\/a><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_luan\"><\/span>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, Shining Home &#8211; Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Anh Ng\u1eef cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb9o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc, hy v\u1ecdng gi\u00fap ph\u1ee5 huynh cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho tr\u1ebb em, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/\">http:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/author\/nguyenlandung\">Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n d\u0169ng<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m quen, h\u1ecdc trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh to\u00e1n l\u1edbp 4. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp, m\u1eb9o, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a kh\u1ec9. H\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16173","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16173","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16173"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16173\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22939,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16173\/revisions\/22939"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16173"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16173"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}