{"id":13755,"date":"2025-06-04T13:09:53","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T06:09:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/?p=13755"},"modified":"2025-07-03T07:50:05","modified_gmt":"2025-07-03T00:50:05","slug":"axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/","title":{"rendered":"Axetilen (C2H2): Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Khai_niem_Axetilen\" >Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Axetilen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_axetilen\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a axetilen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_axetilen\" >T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a axetilen<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Chay_trong_khong_khi_Tac_dung_voi_oxi\" >Ch\u00e1y trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi oxi)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Lam_mat_mau_dung_dich_brom\" >L\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Cach_dieu_che_axetilen\" >C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf axetilen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Axetilen_co_nguy_hiem_khong\" >Axetilen c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Ung_dung_axetilen\" >\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng axetilen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Phan_biet_axetilen_metan_va_etilen\" >Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t axetilen, metan v\u00e0 etilen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Giai_dap_cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_axetilen\" >Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 axetilen<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Axetilen_co_lam_mat_mau_dung_dich_brom_khong\" >Axetilen c\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#San_pham_cua_phan_ung_cong_nuoc_cua_axetilen_la_gi\" >S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a axetilen l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Bai_tap_ve_axetilen_SGK_kem_goi_y_dap_an\" >B\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 axetilen SGK k\u00e8m g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Bai_1_trang_122_SGK_Hoa_9\" >B\u00e0i 1 trang 122 SGK H\u00f3a 9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Bai_3_SGK_Hoa_9_trang_122\" >B\u00e0i 3 SGK H\u00f3a 9 trang 122<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Bai_4_trang_122_SGK_Hoa_9\" >B\u00e0i 4 trang 122 SGK H\u00f3a 9<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/axetilen-c2h2-khai-niem-tinh-chat-va-nhung-ung-dung-quan-trong-nhat\/#Mot_so_bai_tap_ve_Axetilen_de_hoc_sinh_luyen_tap\" >M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 Axetilen \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc sinh luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Axetilen (c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc C2H2) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>                        View all<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem_Axetilen\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Axetilen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Axetilen l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Axetilen (hay Acetylene), v\u1edbi t\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 Ethyne l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u0111rocacbon \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ankin \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t. Axetilen (C2H2) l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9i, nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u00edt tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed: C2H2<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i: 26<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o ph\u00e2n t\u1eed: Axetilen c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o:\u00a0 H &#8211; C \u2261 C &#8211; H. Vi\u1ebft g\u1ecdn HC \u2261 CH.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/100101011.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o Axetilen. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a axetilen:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a axetilen, gi\u1eefa hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Cacbon c\u00f3 3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Trong li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba n\u00e0y c\u00f3 2 li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a axetilen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_vat_ly_cua_axetilen\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a axetilen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Axetilen (C2H2) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9i, \u00edt tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Axetilen trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f9i kh\u00e1c nhau, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y n\u00ean.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/axetilen-la-gi-9.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd C2H2. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_hoa_hoc_cua_axetilen\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a axetilen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u00ean, axetilen mang nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 sau:\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chay_trong_khong_khi_Tac_dung_voi_oxi\"><\/span>Ch\u00e1y trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi oxi)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 etilen v\u00e0 metan, khi \u0111\u1ed1t axetilen ch\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00ed cacbon \u0111ioxit v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u00a0Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02C2H2 (k) + 5O2 (k)\u00a0 \u2014&gt; 4CO2 (k) + 2H2O (h) (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: Khi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y axetilen thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 mol CO2 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 mol H2O.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lam_mat_mau_dung_dich_brom\"><\/span>L\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed axetilen c\u00f3 hai li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n axetilen c\u0169ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 etilen. C\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">D\u1eabn axetilen qua dung d\u1ecbch brom (Br2) ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u da cam. Quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean, ta th\u1ea5y brom b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u. T\u1eeb th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng axetilen c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch Brom ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/Untitled_design_(1).jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Axetilen l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch Brom. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">\u00a0HC \u2261 CH + Br2 \u2014&gt; Br-CH=CH &#8211; Br (\u0111ibrometilen)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">\u00a0HC \u2261 CH + 2Br2 \u2014&gt; Br2CH-CHBr2 (tetrabrometan)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, axetilen c\u00f2n tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 H2, Cl2&#8230;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">HC\u2261CH + H2 \u2192 CH2=CH2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">HC\u2261CH + 2H2 \u2192 CH3-CH3<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, axetilen c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u201ct\u00edch c\u1ef1c\u201d trong m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.\u00a0<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;background-color: #fbeeb8;height: 195.562px\" border=\"1\">\n<tr style=\"height: 195.562px\">\n<td style=\"width: 98.5189%;height: 195.562px\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">GI\u00daP CON H\u1eccC TO\u00c1N K\u1ebeT H\u1ee2P V\u1edaI TI\u1ebeNG ANH SI\u00caU TI\u1ebeT KI\u1ec6M CH\u1ec8 TR\u00caN M\u1ed8T APP MONKEY MATH. V\u1edaI N\u1ed8I DUNG D\u1ea0Y H\u1eccC \u0110A PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P GI\u00daP B\u00c9 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N T\u01af DUY N\u00c3O B\u1ed8 V\u00c0 NG\u00d4N NG\u1eee TO\u00c0N DI\u1ec6N CH\u1ec8 V\u1edaI KHO\u1ea2NG 2K\/NG\u00c0Y.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/xemchitiet.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"185\" height=\"42\"><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_dieu_che_axetilen\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf axetilen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Axetilen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, Axetilen c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf gi\u1ed1ng nhau. C\u00f3 3 c\u00e1ch sau \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/axetilen-la-gi-10.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 thu kh\u00ed axetilen trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. (\u1ea2nh: Ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng canxi cacbua (CaC2) ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CaC2 + 2H2O \u2192 C2H2 + Ca(OH)2<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Cho cacbon t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi hidro khi c\u00f3 h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra C2H2 theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02C + H2 \u2192 C2H2\u00a0 (h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n metan (CH4): \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nhanh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02CH4 \u2192 C2H2 + 3H2 (\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: 1500 \u00b0C)<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Axetilen_co_nguy_hiem_khong\"><\/span>Axetilen c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Axetilen c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 C\u00d3. Axetilen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed nguy hi\u1ec3m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a axetilen bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5: Axetilen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 n\u1ed5. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 axetilen trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb 2,5% \u0111\u1ebfn 81% c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5. Khi axetilen ch\u00e1y, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3000 \u0111\u1ed9 C, g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li>Nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i: Axetilen kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi 2,5%). Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 axetilen trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 2,5%, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, h\u00f4n m\u00ea, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1eed vong.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_axetilen\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng axetilen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Axetilen c\u00f3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t, axetilen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/ung-dung-axetilen.jpg\" alt=\"Axetilen th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong h\u00e0n x\u00ec kim lo\u1ea1i. (\u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m Internet)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n x\u00ec: M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a axetilen quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong \u0111\u00e8n x\u00ec oxi \u2013 axetilen \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n c\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i. Khi C2H2 ch\u00e1y trong O2 t\u1ea1o ra ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3000 \u00b0C. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed n\u00e0y. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n c\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, axetilen l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 poli (vinyl clorua) \u2013 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a PVC, cao su, axit axetic\u2026.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Axetilen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c monome, r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c polime kh\u00e1c, s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, cao su, mu\u1ed9i than,\u2026<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Axetilen d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit axetic, r\u01b0\u1ee3u etylic,\u2026<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">D\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_biet_axetilen_metan_va_etilen\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t axetilen, metan v\u00e0 etilen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t axetilen, metan v\u00e0 etilen, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sau:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/axetilen-la-gi-11.jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t axetilen, metan v\u00e0 etilen. (\u1ea2nh: Shutterstock.com)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t axetilen, metan v\u00e0 etilen, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft axetilen, metan v\u00e0 etilen theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0110\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c l\u1ecd ch\u1ee9a 3 lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Ghi nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto\" border=\"0.5px\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;background-color: #ee202e\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;background-color: #ee202e\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;background-color: #ee202e\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;background-color: #ee202e\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fbeeb8\">\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Metan (CH4)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kh\u00ed Clo<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ea5t m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed Clo.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH4 + Cl2 \u2192 CH3Cl + HCl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fbeeb8\">\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Etilen (C2H4)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dung d\u1ecbch Brom<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ea5t m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u c\u1ee7a Dung d\u1ecbch Brom.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C2H4 + Br2 \u2192 C2H4Br2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fbeeb8\">\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Axetilen (C2H2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch Brom<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8211; AgNO3\/NH3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8211; M\u1ea5t m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u c\u1ee7a Dung d\u1ecbch Brom.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8211; C\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0.5px solid #4e4c50;text-align: center;background-color: #fff4f5\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8211; C2H2 + Br2 \u2192 C2H2Br4<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8211; C2H2 + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 \u2192 2NH4NO3 + C2Ag2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_dap_cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_axetilen\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 axetilen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Axetilen_co_lam_mat_mau_dung_dich_brom_khong\"><\/span>Axetilen c\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><em>Axetilen c\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom kh\u00f4ng? <\/em>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 C\u00d3. Axetilen c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1edfi v\u00ec, axetilen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u0111rocacbon kh\u00f4ng no, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u00e0 C2H2. Trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed axetilen, hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi brom.<\/p>\n<p>Khi axetilen t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi brom, li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed axetilen b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh hai li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon v\u00e0 brom. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">C2H2 + Br2 \u2192 C2H2Br2<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 dibrom-axetilen, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi axetilen t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi brom, dung d\u1ecbch brom s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u, hay axetilen l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"San_pham_cua_phan_ung_cong_nuoc_cua_axetilen_la_gi\"><\/span>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a axetilen l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi axetilen t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed axetilen b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh hai li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon v\u00e0 oxy. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">C2H2 + H2O \u2192 CH3CH2OH<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a axetilen l\u00e0 etanol, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i, c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_tap_ve_axetilen_SGK_kem_goi_y_dap_an\"><\/span>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 axetilen SGK k\u00e8m g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 axetilen \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong SGK h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 9 sau.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/external-content.duckduckgo.com\/iu\/?u=https:\/\/vnmedia2.monkeyuni.net\/upload\/web\/img\/axetilen-la-gi-12.jpg\" alt=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 axetilen. (\u1ea2nh: Shutterstock.com)\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_1_trang_122_SGK_Hoa_9\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 1 trang 122 SGK H\u00f3a 9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t sau:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH3 \u2013 CH3 ; CH\u2261 CH; CH2 = CH2; CH4; CH\u2261 C \u2013 CH3.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) Ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b) Ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) C\u00f3 hai ch\u1ea5t: CH\u2261 CH v\u00e0 CH\u2261 C \u2013 CH3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b) Trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 cho, c\u00f3 3 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom, bao g\u1ed3m:&#8230;. CH\u2261 CH; CH2 = CH2 v\u00e0 CH\u2261 C \u2013 CH3.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_3_SGK_Hoa_9_trang_122\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 3 SGK H\u00f3a 9 trang 122<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng 0.1 l\u00edt kh\u00ed etilen (\u0111ktc) l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u 50ml dung d\u1ecbch brom. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng 0,1 l\u00edt kh\u00ed axetilen (\u0111ktc) th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u bao nhi\u00eau ml dung d\u1ecbch brom tr\u00ean?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C2H4 + Br2 \u2192 C2H4Br2 (1)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C2H2 + 2Br2 \u2192 C2H2Br4 (2)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (1) v\u00e0 (2) ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nC2H4 : nBr2 = 1:1<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">nC2H2 : nBr2 = 1:2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u21d2 S\u1ed1 mol brom ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u1edbi C2H2 g\u1ea5p 2 l\u1ea7n C2H4 n\u00ean th\u1ec3 t\u00edch dung d\u1ecbch brom c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi C2H2 c\u0169ng g\u1ea5p 2 l\u1ea7n khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi C2H4.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch Br2 c\u1ea7n dung khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 0,1 l axetilen l\u00e0: 50ml \u00d7 2 = 100ml.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bai_4_trang_122_SGK_Hoa_9\"><\/span>B\u00e0i 4 trang 122 SGK H\u00f3a 9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y 28ml h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed metan v\u00e0 axetilen c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng 67,2ml kh\u00ed oxi.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a) T\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i kh\u00ed trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b) T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed CO2 sinh ra.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">(C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed \u0111o \u1edf c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Do c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u1edf c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t n\u00ean t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 mol.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">G\u1ecdi th\u1ec3 t\u00edch metan (CH4) l\u00e0 x (ml); th\u1ec3 t\u00edch axetilen (C2H2) l\u00e0 y (ml)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Theo b\u00e0i ra: Vhh kh\u00ed = 28 (ml)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u2192 x + y = 28 (1)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CH4 + 2O2 \u2192 CO2 + 2H2O (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">x \u2192 2x \u2014&gt; \u00a0 x (ml)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">2C2H2 + 5O2 \u2192 4CO2 + 2H2O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">y \u2014&gt; 2.5y \u2192 2y (ml)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Theo b\u00e0i ra th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed oxi l\u00e0 67,2 ml<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u2192 2x + 2,5y = 67,2 ml (2)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">T\u1eeb (1) v\u00e0 (2) gi\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: x = 5,6 (ml) v\u00e0 y = 22,4 (ml).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a\/ Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1eebng kh\u00ed l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">%V(CH4) = (5.6\/28) x 100 = 20%<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">%V(C2H2) = 100 &#8211; 20 = 80%\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">b\/ Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed CO2 = x + 2y = 5,6 + 2.22,4 = 50,4 (ml)<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mot_so_bai_tap_ve_Axetilen_de_hoc_sinh_luyen_tap\"><\/span>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 Axetilen \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc sinh luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp\u00a0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 7.5pt;line-height: normal\">B\u00e0i 1: D\u1eabn axetilen qua dung d\u1ecbch brom m\u00e0u da cam. N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH x\u1ea3y ra?<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 7.5pt;line-height: normal\">B\u00e0i 2: Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf C2H2, C2H4\u00a0t\u1eeb canxi cacbua.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in 0in 7.5pt 0in\">B\u00e0i 3: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed: CH4, SO2, CO2, C2H2<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0in 0in 7.5pt 0in\">B\u00e0i 4: Cho 2,24 l\u00edt kh\u00ed Axetilen v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Brom. T\u00ednh l\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3ng Brom t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o Axetlen?<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 7.5pt;line-height: normal\">B\u00e0i 5: Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf axetilen b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n nhanh metan thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m axetien, hidro v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n metan ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Bi\u1ebft dA\/H2=5.Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a metan th\u00e0nh axetilen l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">B\u00e0i 6: Trong b\u00ecnh k\u00edn ch\u1ee9a hidrocacbon X v\u00e0 hidro.Nung n\u00f3ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anhkan Y duy nh\u1ea5t.\u1ede c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong b\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nung g\u1ea5p 3 l\u1ea7n trong b\u00ecnh sau khi nung.\u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Y thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8.8g CO2\u00a0v\u00e0 5.4g H2O.C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed X l\u00e0 g\u00ec?B\u00e0i 7: \u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 11,2 lit kh\u00ed h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p metan v\u00e0 axetilen. L\u1ea5y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00ed CO2 sinh ra cho v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Ca(OH)2\u00a0d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 60g k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ednh % s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a hai kh\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u.B\u00e0i 8: H\u00f4\u0303n h\u01a1\u0323p X g\u00f4\u0300m C2H2\u00a0va\u0300 H2\u00a0co\u0301 cu\u0300ng s\u00f4\u0301 mol.L\u00e2\u0301y 1 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng h\u00f4\u0303n h\u01a1\u0323p X cho qua ch\u00e2\u0301t xu\u0301c ta\u0301c nung no\u0301ng,thu \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c h\u00f4\u0303n h\u01a1\u0323p Y g\u00f4\u0300m C2H4,C2H6,C2H2\u00a0va\u0300 H2.Su\u0323c Y va\u0300o dung di\u0323ch brom d\u01b0 thi\u0300 kh\u00f4\u0301i l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng bi\u0300nh brom t\u0103ng 10.8 gam va\u0300 thoa\u0301t ra 4.48 li\u0301t h\u00f4\u0303n h\u01a1\u0323p khi\u0301 Z (\u0111ktc) co\u0301 ti\u0309 kh\u00f4\u0301i h\u01a1i so v\u01a1\u0301i H2\u00a0la\u0300 8.T\u00ednh th\u00ea\u0309 ti\u0301ch oxi (\u0111ktc) c\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u00ea\u0309 \u0111\u00f4\u0301t cha\u0301y h\u00f4\u0303n h\u01a1\u0323p Y?B\u00e0i 9: Cho 50g \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n ch\u1ee9a CaC2\u00a0t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 15,68 l\u00edt kh\u00ed C2H2(\u1edf \u0111ktc). T\u00ecm xem CaC2\u00a0nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m?B\u00e0i 10: Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng 4,48 l kh\u00ed etilen l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u 50ml dung d\u1ecbch brom. N\u1ebfu cho kh\u00ed axeyilen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch nh\u01b0 etilen th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u bao nhi\u00eau l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch brom tr\u00ean?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a axetilen. Hi v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ed5 \u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n<p>                                    \u00a0\u00a0T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/p>\n<p>Acetylene- Ng\u00e0y truy c\u1eadp: 27\/05\/2022<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/Acetylene#section=InChI<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/\">https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/author\/nguyenlandung\">Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2n d\u0169ng<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Axetilen (c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc C2H2) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. View all Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Axetilen Axetilen l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Axetilen (hay Acetylene), v\u1edbi t\u00ean h\u1ec7&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13755","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13755"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13755\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16898,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13755\/revisions\/16898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13755"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13755"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ckconitsha.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13755"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}